Cerebellar Disorders Flashcards
What are acquired cerebellar pathologies?
MS, stroke, Arnold Chiari malformation, toxicity, posterior fossa tumors
trauma-TBI
What are the three functional zones?
cerebellar cortex–superficial layer
white matter layer– intermediate layer
nuclei-deep layer
How many layers does each fucntional zone have?
3 layers
What are the cerebellar cortex (superficial) layers
molecular– purkinje dendrites
purkinje– purkinje cell bodies
granular – granular cell bodies
What are the layers of the cerebellar white matter (iintermediate)
axons of Purkinje cells – inhibitory(GABA), project to CB nuclei
axons of mossy and climbing fibers – excitatory (glutamte), project to CB nuclei
What is the deep (nuclei) layer
fastigial mucleus – deep in cerebellum
interposed nucleus – globose and emboliform nuclei, deep in cerebellum
dentate nucleus– deep in cerebellum
vestibular nuclei– brainstem (pontomedullary junction) `
What are the three functional zones of the cerebellum
vestibulocerebellum
spinocerebellum
cerebrocerebellum
What role in movement does the functional zone vestibulocerebellum play?
What are the signs if damaged?
regulates VOR
coordinates gaze and eye movements
postural control
impaired VOR, nystagmus, postural instability/impaired balance
what role of movement does spinocerebellum functional zone play?
what are the signs if damaged
limb movements, postural tone, balance, locomotion, gaze and eye movements
oculomotor deficits, imbalance/falls, tremor, dysdiaochokinesai
hypotonia, gait atxia, lack of check, dysmetria
what role of movement does the cerevrocerebellum functional zone
what are the signs if damaged
complex limb movements, visually guided movements, motor planing, sensorimotor error assessment, agonist-antagonist coordination
dysdiadochokinesia (rpaid alternating movements)
dysmetria (judegment of distance is impaired)
dyssynergia
decompositions
What is the most common form of hereditary ataxia in the US
Friedreich ataxia
symtpoms beging 5-15 years of age
How many types of spinocerebellar ataxia are there
over 40
autosomal dominat traint
slow progressive
What type of speech impairment is typical for cerebellar NM disorders
scanning speech or ataxis dysarthrsis
What are the three main arteries that supply the brain
superior cerebellar
anterior inferior cerebellar
posterior inferior cerebellar
What does a gait pattern look like for cerebellar disorders
gait ataxia
uneven step lengt, irregular BOS, absent rhythm, feet lifted too high,
