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Laughing Neuro > Cerebellar Anatomy > Flashcards

Cerebellar Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior lobe of Cerebellum:
Also called?
Lesions cause?

A

Paleo or spino cerebellum

Lesion causes ataxic wide based gait

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2
Q

Posterior lobe of cerebellum:
Also called?
Purpose?

A

Neo / Pontocerebellum

For precise movement

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3
Q

Flocculonodular lobe: also called?

Purpose?

A

Archicerebellum or Vestibulocerebellum

For equilibrium and eye movements

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4
Q

Which cerebellar peduncles are for input vs output?

A

Superior: sends info from cerebellum

Middle and inferior: information to cerebellum

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5
Q

Names of the Deep cerebellar nuclei from lateral to medial?

A

Dentate, Emboliform, Globose, Fastigial (Deep Embolic Fastigial Globs)

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6
Q

What is the dentate nucleus of cerebellum for?

A

Dexterity

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7
Q

What important triangle is the dentate nucleus part of?

Lesions in the triangle cause what?

A

Triangle of Guillain Mollaret.

Lesions cause palatal myoclonus

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8
Q

What is the path important for planning and synergy of movements which is a major output from cerebellum? Describe the path.

A

Dentatorubrothalamic tract: Purkinje cells -> dentate > thru superior cerebellar peduncle > contralat red nucleus -> VL thalamus -> motor cortex

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9
Q

What cerebellar nucleus is associated with the flocculonodular lobe? What is it for?

A

Fastigial for stance and walking.

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10
Q

What are the interposed nuclei and what part of the cerebellum are they associated with. What are they for?

A

Emboliform and Globose. They are assoc with the anterior lobe of cerebellum and help with stability and speed of movement initiation.

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11
Q

Titubation, abnl RAMs, action tremor, and dysmetria are caused by damage to what specific cerebellar structures?

A

The interposed nuclei: globose and emboliform

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12
Q

Pneumonic to remember the three layers of the cerebellar cortex?

A
  1. Molecular layer: mix of cells (basket, stellate, purkinje dentrites, parallel fibers, golgi cell dendrites)
  2. Purkinje: Picky: only purkinje cells
  3. Granule cell layer: only G cells: golgi, granule, glomeruli (the synapse of golgi and granule)
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13
Q

Which cerebellar cells have inhibitory GABA neurotrm? (3)

A

Basket, Golgi, Purkinje

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14
Q

Which cerebellar cells have an excitatory neurotransmission and what is it?

A

Granule cells: glutamate

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15
Q

What neurotransmitter does the stellate cerebellar cells transmit, and what is its role?

A

Taurine, inhibitory to Purkinje cells

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16
Q

Which two cerebellar cell types are inhibitory to purkinje cells, and what nts do they use?

A

Basket: GABA
Stellate: Taurine

17
Q

What do purkinje cells do?

A

They are inhibitory to intracerebellar and vestibular nuclei

18
Q

What cells do granule cerebellar cells excite?

A

Golgi, basket, stellate

19
Q

What is the feedback between golgi and granule cells

A

Granule excites golgi. Golgi inhibits granule.

20
Q

What are the main sources of input to the cerebellar cortex? (2)

A

Climbing and Mossy fibers

21
Q

Mossy fiber neurotransmitter?

What does the mossy fiber excite?

A

Aspartate. Synapse and excite the granule cells which are generally excitatory.

22
Q

What do the parallel fibers do?

A

Excite purkinje cells which carry output from the cerebellar cortex

23
Q

What finally stimulates / excites the Granule cells to stimulate the purkinje cells?

A

one mossy fiber

24
Q

where do the climbing fibers come from?

A

contralateral inferior olivary nucleus through inferior cerebellar peduncle.

25
Q

What is the output from the cerebellar cortex? (Cell)

A

Purkinje!

26
Q

What are the three pathways by which the cortex provides input to the cerebellum?

A
  1. corticopontocerebellar: from middle cerebellar peduncle
  2. cerebro-olivocerebellar:
  3. cerebroreticulocerebellar: for voluntary movement control
27
Q

What are the tracts from the spinal cord to the cerebellum (4)?

A
  1. cuneocerebellar
  2. dorsal (posterior) spinocerebellar
  3. rostral spinocerebellar
  4. ventral (anterior) spinocerebellar
28
Q

Cuneocerebellar brings info about movement from where?

A

ipsilateral upper extremity

29
Q

what tract brings info about ipsilateral lower extremity movement and trunk to cerebellum?, what cell is important and its path?

A

dorsal spinocerebellar tract: give rise to mossy fibers in inferior cerebellar peduncle

30
Q

What peduncle brings info from ventral spinocerebellar tract and what is important about this tract?

A

Superior cerebellar peduncle, and the fibers cross

31
Q

Where does info from the globose and emboliform go?

A

To the contralat red nucleus via the globose-emboliform-rubral pathway.

32
Q

Where does info from the dentate nucleus go? (2 paths), describe ultimate path.

A

Dentatothalamic (VL)
Dentatorubral (contralat red nucleus)
*Dentatorubrothalamic pathway: Purkinje->dentate->contralat red nucleus / ventral lateral thalamus -> cortex areas 4,6

33
Q

Name the one pathway in the middle cerebellar peduncle?

A

The pontocerebellar or corticopontocerebellar tract

34
Q

Which efferent pathways are in the inferior cerebellar peduncle?

A

from the fastigial nucleus to vestibular / reticular pathways

35
Q

Most of the input into the cerebellum comes in through where?

A

the inferior cerebellar peduncle

36
Q

Pneumonic to remember inferior cerebellar peduncle inputs to the cerebellum and the paths?

A 
I want to drink VODCA:
Vestibulocerebellar
Olivocerebellar
Dorsal spinocerebellar
Cuneocerebellar
Arcuatocerebellar
37
Q

which cerebellar peduncle carries mainly outputs? Where are the main fibers from?

A

The superior cerebellar (GED: globose, emboliform, Dentate nuclei)

38
Q

What is the uncinate bundle of Russel?

A

transmits info to vestibular nuclei and reticular formation via superior cerebellar peduncle.

39
Q

What is the triangle of guillain mollaret?

A

Red nucleus to inferior olive in central tegmental tract (ipsil)
The dentate is involved in the triangle b/c it sends fibers to the contralat red nucleus in the superior peduncle. And the inferior olive sends climbing fibers back to the dentate in the inferior peduncle.

Laughing Neuro (6 decks)

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