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Intermediate restorative skills (Den 305) > Ceramic systems > Flashcards

Ceramic systems Flashcards

1
Q

Ceramics

A

Compounds of metallic and non-metallic elements: most frequently oxides, nitrides and carbides

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2
Q

Traditional ceramics

A 
China
Porcelain
Bricks
Tiles 
Glasses
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3
Q

Ceramic building block is

A

Silica (SiO2)

  • crystalline e.g. quartz, cristoballite
  • amorphous e.g. alumino-silicate glasses
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4
Q

Crystalline silica

A

Tetrahedra

SiO2

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5
Q

Silica glass

A

Orthosilicic acid

Si(OH)4

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6
Q

Mixed oxide glass

A

Mixture of crystalline (SiO2 tetrahedra) or silica glass (orthosilicic acid SiOH4)

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7
Q

Composition of early dental porcelain

A

Feldspar
Kaolin
Quartz

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8
Q

Types of dental ceramics

A 
Feldspathic glasses
Leucite reinforced feldspathic glasses
Alumina reinforced feldspathic glasses
Lanthanum glass infiltrated alumina
Pure alumina
Zirconia
Glass ceramics
-mica
-lithium disilicate
-canasite
-apatite/ mullite
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9
Q

Dental ceramic processing

A

Sintering
Casting
Hot pressing
CAD-CAM machining

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10
Q

Feldspathic ceramic is weak

A

Support using one of 3 methods:

  • Metal substructure – PFM
  • High strength ceramic substructure
  • Bond to the tooth and therefore use tooth as substructure. Resin Bonded Crown (DBC)
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11
Q

Metal ceramic restoration

A 
Metal substructure – PFM Lost Wax Casting (Metal substructure)
Ceramic Sintering (Ceramic veneer)
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12
Q

Metal ceramic production - problems

A 
Space
0.5mm for metal substructure
1.0mm for ceramic veneer
Aesthetics
-metal substructure prevents light transmittance
-often appear opaque
-metal margin can be seen
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13
Q

Technical metal ceramic production problems

A 
Metal Ceramic Bond
Metal Ceramic Junction
Metal Ceramic Compatibility
-thermal expansion coefficient (shrinkage)
Support for Ceramic!!!! - remember
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14
Q

Metal-ceramic compatibility

A

TEC of ceramic must be equal to or slightly less than that of the metal.
Metal = 13-14 ppm/°C
Ceramic = 8 ppm/°C
Therefore add Leucite (23ppm/°C)

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15
Q

CAD demonstration

A

CAD can resolve some of the labour intensive design problems

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16
Q

Indications for PFM

A

Single unit restorations
Multiple unit bridges
Support for partial dentures

17
Q

Variants of PFM

A 
Metal Type: Bonding alloys
High Au content alloys.
Au-Pd alloys
Pd-Ag alloys
NiCr
CoCr
18
Q

High strength ceramic substructure restorations

A 
The first was the Porcelain Jacket Crown (PJC)
-alumina reinforced ceramic core
-Vita (Vitadur N)
Glass Infiltrated Materials
-Lanthanum
Vita In-Ceram
-spinell
-alumina
-zirconia (actually an alumina/ zirconia mix)
Alumina substructures
-e.g. Procera All-Ceram (Nobel Biocare)
Zirconia e.g. 3M Lava
19
Q

PJC: alumina reinforced core

A 
Good aesthetics but opaque core
Strength 80 MPa  (anteriors only)
Tooth reduction
Non-adhesive
Pt foil technique therefore poor marginal fit
GONE
20
Q

Flexural strength of PJC, In-Ceram Sp, In-Ceram Al, In-Ceram Zr, Procera

A 
PJC 80-100 MPa
In-Ceram Sp 280-300 MPa
In-Ceram Al 350-380 MPa
In-Ceram Zr 530-550 MPa
Procera 690-700 MPa
Zircona 500-1200 MPa
21
Q

Translucency of glass infiltrated materials

A

**
Orginally produced via ‘slip casting’
GONE

22
Q

Alumina substructures

A

All rely on CAD CAM production
Procera: Centralised production from in-house design
GONE

23
Q

Zirconia e.g. 3M Lava

A

Many available on the market
In-house milling is readily available
Stained prior to sintering
Various translucencies
Requires sintering after firing (10 hours)
Extended sintering times for veneering ceramics
Can be used as monolithic material

24
Q

Resin bonded restorations

A 
Veneers
Dentine bonded crowns
Inlays 
Onlays 
Partial Crowns
25
Q

Zirconia problems

A

Initial sintering time
Bond between veneering ceramic and zirconia
Large units have long sintering times
Adjusting/ removing/ endodontic treatment

26
Q

Resin bonded restorations produced from

A 
Feldspathic glass (shot-blast and bond) (Vita VM7)
Leucite forming ceramic (HF etch and bond) (Empress)
Lithium disilicate (HF etch and Bond) (Emax)
-this material can be considered a substructure material in some applications
27
Q

Limitations of dentine resin bonded restorations?

A

Single units only

Weak, therefore anterior region only

28
Q

Lab problems of dentine resin bonded restorations??

A

Refractory Model Production
Duplication of die may compound errors
Lack of supporting structure results in fragile restoration, particularly the margins

29
Q

Lithium disilicate

A

Emax: Lithium disilicate
Stronger
Hot pressed (lost wax process) (Emax Press)
Milled from a block using CADCAM (Emax CAD)
This can be used as the definitive material or veneered with a sintered ceramic

30
Q

Lithium disilicate steps

A 
CAD CAM production
Set margin
Cement lute
Design restoration
Send to production
31
Q

Ceramic systems

A

Metal-Ceramic
High Strength Ceramic Substructure
Resin Bonded + (Lithium disilicate)

32
Q

IRS-T Dental technology

A 
Communication (Shade Assessment & Diagnostic Wax-up)
Resin Bonded Restoration (Veneer)
Full Gold Crown 
Metal Ceramic Restoration
High Strength Ceramic Restoration

Intermediate restorative skills (Den 305) (16 decks)

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