Cephalosporins

Question 1

1st generation cephalosporin

Answer 1

Cefazolin IV

Question 2

Penicillin allergic reactions

Answer 2

Anaphlatic shock - Less than 1% but rises to 10-15% after previous reaction
Rash (flat macular) - 30%

Question 3

3rd generation cephalosporin

Answer 3

Ceftriaxone iv, ceftazidime iv

Question 4

5th generationc cephalosporin

Answer 4

ceftaroline

Question 5

Carbapenem class

Answer 5

Meropenem iv

Question 6

Monobactam class

Answer 6

Aztreonam iv

Question 7

Glycopeptide

Answer 7

Vancomycin iv (also po rarely)

Question 8

Cyclic lipopeptide

Answer 8

Daptomycin iv

Question 9

If patient has had allergic reaction to penicillin before which antibiotic should you avoid

Answer 9

Cephlasporins

Question 10

Which antibiotic given 30% before surgery as prohplaxis

Answer 10

Cefazolin (IV only) or Cephalexin (IV or oral)

Cephalasporins (coverage of gram -)

Question 11

What are cephlasporins NOT active against even though penicillin G are active against these 2 bacteria

Answer 11

enterococci, Listeria

Question 12

1st generation cephlasporins

1. Name
2. Most active agaist
3. Version that can be given IV & orally

Answer 12

1. Cefazolin (IV obly)
2. Most streop & S, aureus (if MSSA), most oral anaerobes and some gram (E. coli)
3. Cephalexin

Question 13

2nd generation more active against

Answer 13

Better gram - coverage

Question 14

1. Most widely used cephlasporin
2. Coverage
3. Why is it not given to children under 1 year? What do you use instead?

Answer 14

1. Ceftruaxoine
2. Strep. MSSA, oral anaerobes, neisseria, GNRs & lyme disease
3. Causes billiary sludge - give cefotaxime

Question 15

Cephlasporin for pseudomamae

Generation

Coverage

Answer 15

1. Ceftazidime(Fortaz™)
2. 3rd generation
3. some streptococci, but most effective against many GNRs, including most PSEUDOMONAS strains

Question 16

Ceftaroline

1. Generation
2. Sensitivity

Answer 16

1. 5th generation

2.

Question 17

SE cephlasporins

Answer 17

• Same as peniciln allergy
  IM injections painful

PY prologation - give v

Superinfection from GPC (MRSA) or fungi

Question 18

What does MRSA Mean

Answer 18

Resitant to

• All penacillins
• All cephlasporins except maybe cephalosporins

Question 19

1. Most widely used carbapenem that has the widest coverage of ALL coverage
2. Use

Answer 19

1. Meropenem
2. Septic shock before knowing which agent and then once you have cultured the bacteria find something more specific. mixed nosocomial infections with restiant GNRs, complicated menigitis, peritoniinis, serious pneumonia

Question 20

Monobactems ONLY cover?

Answer 20

Aztreonam

Gram - rods

Question 21

Vancomycin

1. Coverage
2. WHat is VRE?
3. VRS

Answer 21

1. All gram + cocci inculding MSSA, MRSA, enterococcus & c. difficile (only given po)
2. Vacomycin resistant enterococci
3. Vancomycin resistant staph

Question 22

Oral version of 3rd generation cephlasporin

Answer 22

Cefpodoxime

Question 23

Aztreonam

• Dose
• Coverage

Answer 23

IV

Only gram - rods

Question 24

Best first treatment for menigiciocal menigitis

Answer 24

Ceftriaxone