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Central Nervous System Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What is Neuropharmacology?

A

It is a study of drugs that alter processes controlled by nervous system

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2
Q

What are the two ways of how Neurons regulate other cells?

A

Axonal Conduction
Synaptic Transmission

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3
Q

What is the process of Axonal Conduction?

A

It is the one who conducting an action potential down the axon of the neuron.

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4
Q

What is the process of Synaptic Transmission?

A

It process by which information is carried across the gap between neuron and postsynaptic cell

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5
Q

What is the used of CNS Drugs?

A

It is used for psychiatric disorder, Suppression of seizures, relief of pain and production of anesthesia.

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6
Q

Give at least 5 of CNS compounds

A

Dopamine
Epinephrine
Serotin
Oxytocin
Glycine
Histamine

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7
Q

What are the 3 facts about Blood Brain Barrier

A
  1. Impedes the entry of drugs into the brain
  2. Passage is limited to lipid-soluble agents or via specific transport systems
  3. Children are much more sensitive to CNS drugs than adults
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8
Q

What are the CNS Stimulants?

A

ADHD( Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder)

Narcolepsy

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9
Q

What is ADHD( Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder)

A
  • Dysregulation of the transmission serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine
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10
Q

What are the characteristics of ADHD?

A

inattentiveness, inability to complete tasks and impulsivity, inability to concentrate, restlessness and hyperactivity

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11
Q

What is Narcolepsy?

A

Unable to move and may collapse

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12
Q

What are the Characteristics of Narcolepsy?

A

Characterized by falling asleep during normal waking activities(driving/talking).

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13
Q

What are the Drugs belongs to CNS Stimulants: Amphetamines

A
  • Methylprenidate
  • Modafinil
  • Analeptics: Xanthine
  • Doxapram
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14
Q

What are the Drugs for Partial Focal Seizures?

A
  • Carbamazepine
  • Gabapentin
  • Lamotrigine
  • Tiagabine
  • Topiramate
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15
Q

What are the Drugs for Absent Seizures?

A
  1. Succinimides
    - Ethosuximide
    - Methsuximide
    - Phensuximide
  2. Valproic Acid
  3. Zosinamide
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16
Q

What are the Anti-Epileptic Drugs Mechanism?

A
  • Suppression of Sodium Influx
  • Suppression of Calcium Influx
  • Antagonism of Glutamate
  • Potentiation of GABA
17
Q

What are the 7 Nursing Considerations when administering Dilantin?

A
  1. Monitor blood levels( therapeutic level: 10-20 mcg/mL.
  2. Monitor CBC and Calcium level every 6 months
  3. Check V/S, ECG during IV administration.
  4. Administer oral forms with food decrease GI irritation
  5. May precipitate with D5W: clear tubing first with irritation.
  6. Purple Gloves Syndrome - Phenytoin IV push.
  7. 20% chance of causing gingival hyperplasia
18
Q

What are the 4 Benzodiazepines Drugs?

A

Diazepam
Clonazepam
Clorazepate
Lorazepam

19
Q

What are the Adverse Effects of Benzodiazepine Drugs?

A
  • Drowsiness
  • Confusion
  • Ataxia
  • Weakness
  • Dizziness
  • Nystagmus
  • Vertigo
  • Headache
  • Tremor
  • Glassy eyed appearance
20
Q

What are the Carboxylic Acid Derivatives?

A

Valproate
Valproic Acid
Divalproex

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