Autonomic Nervous System Drugs

Question 1

What is ANS means?

Answer 1

Autonomic Nervous System.

Question 2

What is the Physiology of Autonomic Nervous System in our body?

Answer 2

Involuntary.
It controls and regulate the heart, GI, respiratory system, bladder, eyes and glands

Question 3

What is the receptor’s theory in ANS?

Answer 3

It explains the drug act through receptors by binding to the receptors to initiate a response or prevent a response.

Question 4

Give 6 Characteristics of Sympa

Answer 4

Dilate Pupils
Dilate Bronchioles
Increase Heart Rate
Constrict Blood Vessels
Relaxes smooth muscles of the GI
Relaxes the uterine muscle

Question 5

Give 6 Characteristics of Parasympa

Answer 5

Constrict Pupils
Constrict Bronchioles, Increase secretion
Decreases Heart Rate
Dilate Blood Vessels
Increase Peristalsis
Increase Salivation

Question 6

What is the Pharmocologic Effect in Autonomic Drugs?

Answer 6

When autonomic drugs are given, the goal is not to treat autonomic disorder, it is to correct disorders of target organs through autonomic nerves.

Question 7

What are the Alpha1 Receptors?

Answer 7

1.Blood Vessels- Vasoconstriction, increased blood pressure and increased contractibility of the heart
2.Eyes- Mydriasis(pupil constriction)
3.Bladder-Relaxation
4.Prostate- Contraction

Question 8

What are the Alpha2 Receptors?

Answer 8

1. Blood Vessels- Decreased blood pressure(reduced norepinephrine)
2. Smooth muscle(gastrointestinal tract)- Decreased gastrointestinal stone and motility

Question 9

What are the Beta1 Receptors?

Answer 9

1. Heart- Increased heart contraction, Increased Heart rate
2. Kidney- Increased renin secretion, Increased angiotensin and increased blood pressure

Question 10

What are the Beta2 Receptors?

Answer 10

1. Smooth Muscles(gastrointestinal tract)- Decreased gastrointestinal stone and motility
2. Lungs- Bronchodilation
3. Uterus- Relaxation of uterine smooth muscle
4. Liver- Activation of glycogenolysis, Increased blood sugar

Question 11

What are the 3 Category Based on Mechanisms of Action in Sympathomimetics/ Adrenergic Agonist?

Answer 11

1. Direct-acting sympathomimetic
2. Indirect-acting sympathomimetic
3. Mixed-acting sympathomimetic

Question 12

What are the 2 Category Based on Chemical Structures?

Answer 12

Catecholamines
Noncatecholamines

Question 13

Catecholamines has?

Answer 13

It has a catechol ring and amines

Question 14

Noncatecholamines has?

Answer 14

It has no catechol ring

Question 15

What are the Drugs belong to Adrenergic Agonist?

Answer 15

Epinephrine
Pseudoephedrine; Phenylephrine
Isoproterenol
Dobutamine
Albuterol

Question 16

What are the Side Effects of Adrenergic Agonist?

Answer 16

Tissue necrosis- Check IV sites frequently
Tachycardia, palpitations, tremors, dizziness, increased blood pressure
Urinary retention r/t high doses
Nausea and vomiting- Offer food

Question 17

What are the Antidotes of the given Side Effects of Adrenergic Agonists?

Answer 17

Phentolamine Mesylate(regitine) for extravasation or norepinephrine and dopamine.

Question 18

What is Adrenergic Blocker?

Answer 18

Blocks alpha and beta receptor blockers

Question 19

What are the Mechanism of Alpha Blockers

Answer 19

Direct blocking by occupying receptors.

Indirect blocking by inhibiting release if neurotransmitter.

Question 20

What should we watch out for Alpha Blockers?

Answer 20

Dizziness
Orthostatic Hypotension
Headache, nasal congestion