Autonomic Nervous System Drugs Flashcards
What is ANS means?
Autonomic Nervous System.
What is the Physiology of Autonomic Nervous System in our body?
Involuntary.
It controls and regulate the heart, GI, respiratory system, bladder, eyes and glands
What is the receptor’s theory in ANS?
It explains the drug act through receptors by binding to the receptors to initiate a response or prevent a response.
Give 6 Characteristics of Sympa
Dilate Pupils
Dilate Bronchioles
Increase Heart Rate
Constrict Blood Vessels
Relaxes smooth muscles of the GI
Relaxes the uterine muscle
Give 6 Characteristics of Parasympa
Constrict Pupils
Constrict Bronchioles, Increase secretion
Decreases Heart Rate
Dilate Blood Vessels
Increase Peristalsis
Increase Salivation
What is the Pharmocologic Effect in Autonomic Drugs?
When autonomic drugs are given, the goal is not to treat autonomic disorder, it is to correct disorders of target organs through autonomic nerves.
What are the Alpha1 Receptors?
1.Blood Vessels- Vasoconstriction, increased blood pressure and increased contractibility of the heart
2.Eyes- Mydriasis(pupil constriction)
3.Bladder-Relaxation
4.Prostate- Contraction
What are the Alpha2 Receptors?
- Blood Vessels- Decreased blood pressure(reduced norepinephrine)
- Smooth muscle(gastrointestinal tract)- Decreased gastrointestinal stone and motility
What are the Beta1 Receptors?
- Heart- Increased heart contraction, Increased Heart rate
- Kidney- Increased renin secretion, Increased angiotensin and increased blood pressure
What are the Beta2 Receptors?
- Smooth Muscles(gastrointestinal tract)- Decreased gastrointestinal stone and motility
- Lungs- Bronchodilation
- Uterus- Relaxation of uterine smooth muscle
- Liver- Activation of glycogenolysis, Increased blood sugar
What are the 3 Category Based on Mechanisms of Action in Sympathomimetics/ Adrenergic Agonist?
- Direct-acting sympathomimetic
- Indirect-acting sympathomimetic
- Mixed-acting sympathomimetic
What are the 2 Category Based on Chemical Structures?
Catecholamines
Noncatecholamines
Catecholamines has?
It has a catechol ring and amines
Noncatecholamines has?
It has no catechol ring
What are the Drugs belong to Adrenergic Agonist?
Epinephrine
Pseudoephedrine; Phenylephrine
Isoproterenol
Dobutamine
Albuterol
What are the Side Effects of Adrenergic Agonist?
Tissue necrosis- Check IV sites frequently
Tachycardia, palpitations, tremors, dizziness, increased blood pressure
Urinary retention r/t high doses
Nausea and vomiting- Offer food
What are the Antidotes of the given Side Effects of Adrenergic Agonists?
Phentolamine Mesylate(regitine) for extravasation or norepinephrine and dopamine.
What is Adrenergic Blocker?
Blocks alpha and beta receptor blockers
What are the Mechanism of Alpha Blockers
Direct blocking by occupying receptors.
Indirect blocking by inhibiting release if neurotransmitter.
What should we watch out for Alpha Blockers?
Dizziness
Orthostatic Hypotension
Headache, nasal congestion
