Central Nervous System Drugs Flashcards
It is the study of drugs that alter processes controlled by the nervous system.
NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
Conducting an action potential down the axon of the neuron.
Axonal Conduction
Process by which information is carried across the gap between neuron and postsynaptic cell
Synaptic Transmission
It is used for psychiatic disorders, supression of seizures, relief of pain, production of anesthesia.
Central Nervous System Drugs (CNS DRUGS)
Impedes the entry of drugs into the brain. The passage is limited to lipid-soluble agents or via specific transport system.
Blood Brain Barrier
Adaptation to prolonged drug use
- Increased therapeutic effects
- Decreased side effects
- Tolerance- decreased response occurring in the course of prolonged drug use
- Physical dependence- state in which abrupt discontinuation of drug use will precipitate a withdrawal syndrome.
The characteristics of this are inattentiveness, inability to concentrate, restlessness, and hyperactivity. It causes dysregulation of the transmitters serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine.
ADHD (Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder)
It is CNS stimulants that characterized by falling asleep during normal walking activities, also unable to move and may collapse.
Narcolepsy
Stimulate the release of NE and DA from the brain and SNS
Amphetamines
Given to increase child’s attention span and cognitive performance and used to treat narcolepsy.
Methylphenidate
Slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by tremor, rigidity postural instability and slowed movement.
Parkinson’s Disease
Medications that work by imitating the actions of dopamine when levels are low.
Dopaminergic drugs
Drugs that blocks receptors for ACh.
Anticholinergic Drugs
Group of disorders characterized by excessive excitability of neurons in the CNS.
Epilepsy
General term that applies to all types of epileptic events.
Seizure
It is called abnormal motor phenomenon
Convulsion
Most commonly prescribed anticonvulsant drug. It stabilize nerve cells to keep them from getting overexcite by increasing efflux or decreasing influx of sodium ions.
Phenytoin
Defined as involuntary contraction of a muscle or muscle group. It has classes, the centrally acting, direct acting and others.
Muscle Spasm
Most effective for spasticity of cerebral origin. It is used for treatment of malignant hyperthermia.
Dantrolene Sodium
Occurs when clients abruptly withdraw from a substance to which they are physically dependent.
Abstinence Syndrome
