Autonomic Nervous System Drugs Flashcards
It transmits impulses from the CNS out to the peripheral organs to cause an effect or action.
AFFERENT
It receives impulses, transmits through the spinal cord to effector organ cells.
EFFERENT
It is involuntary, controls and regulates the heart, GI, respiratory system, bladder, eyes and glands.
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM/ VISCERAL SYSTEM
It is voluntary and connect the CNS with organs and striated muscle to perform our daily functions.
SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
This system helps your body activate its “fight-or-flight” response and the terminal neurotransmitter is norepinephrine.
SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
This system is a network of nerves that relaxes your body after periods of stress or danger the terminal neurotransmitter is acetylcholine.
PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
Drugs act through receptors by binding to the receptors to initiate a response or prevent a response.
Receptor Theory
What are drugs that produces a response?
Agonist
What are drugs that blocks a response?
Antagonist
Stimulant compounds which mimic the effects of endogenous agonists of the sympathetic nervous system. Examples of effects include increases in heart rate, force of cardiac contraction, and blood pressure.
Sympathomimetic drugs (also known as adrenergic drugs and adrenergic amines)
It is category based on chemical structure that has a catechol ring and amines.
CATECHOLAMINES
It is category based on chemical structure that has no catechol ring.
NONCATECHOLAMINES
It is the receptor that the stimulation leads to vasoconstriction of the arterioles and pupillary dilation.
Alpha 1 Receptor Agonist
It is the receptor that is vital for the normal physiological function of the sympathetic nervous system. When the receptors are stimulated, it increase the heart rate and increase the heart’s strength of contraction or contractility.
Beta 1 Receptor
It is also known as adrenaline and plays an important role in your body’s “fight-or-flight” response. Also in metabolism, attention, focus, panic and excitement. Abnormal levels are linked to sleep disorders, anxiety, hypertension and lowered immunity.
EPINEPHRINE
Side effects of Adrenergic Agonist.
- Tissue necrosis–check IV sites frequently
- Tachycardia, palpitations, tremors, dizziness, increased blood pressure
- Urinary retention r/t high doses
- Nausea and vomiting –offer food
- ANTIDOTE: phentolamine Mesylate (Regitine) for extravasation of norepinephrine and dopamine
These drugs help lower blood pressure but also may be used to ease symptoms of an enlarged prostate.
Beta blockers, also known as beta-adrenergic blocking agents.
Mimic the parasympathetic neurotransmitter acetylcholine
CHOLINERGIC AGONISTS
Agents that decrease or block the actions of acetylcholine on its parasympathetic nervous system receptors on smooth muscle cells, glands and the central nervous system.
ANTI-CHOLINERGIC AGENTS
A ganglionic blockers that stimulate and block cholinergic function but it is not useful in clinical practice.
NICOTINE
