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Anatomy > Central Nervous System > Flashcards

Central Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

What the general regions of the brain?

A

Cerebrum, Cerebellum, Diencephalon, and Brainstem.

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2
Q

What are the specific regions of the brain?

A

Diencephalon: Thalamus, Epithalamus, and Hypothalamus.

Brainstem: Midbrain, Pons, and Medulla oblongata.

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3
Q

What are the structures of the Cranial Meninges?

A

Dura mater, Arachnoid mater, and Pia mater.

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4
Q

Dura mater

A

Outermost, tough membrane. Forms dural venous sinuses draining blood from brain. Supportive structure formed by dura mater.

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5
Q

Arachnoid mater

A

is spider web filamentous layer

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6
Q

Pia mater

A

is a then vascular layer adherent to contours of brain.

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7
Q

What are the ventricles of the brain?

A

Ventricles are the spaces of the brain. Which include the Lateral Ventricle, Cerebral aqueduct, Fortth ventricle, and Third Ventricle.

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8
Q

What are the functions of the cerebrospinal fluid?

A

Buoyancy, protection, chemical stability.

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9
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

If CSF cannot circulate or drain properly a condition called hydrocephalus (water on the brain) develops.

Fluid buildup causes increased pressure on the brain, either internally or externally.

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10
Q

In what part of the brain does the cerebrospinal fluid flow inside?

A

It flows in the subarachnoid space.

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11
Q

What makes CSF?

A

The choroid plexuses and circulates through: ventricles.

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12
Q

Gyri

A

are the elevated folds

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13
Q

Sulci

A

the shallow grooves

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14
Q

Fissures

A

are deep groves

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15
Q

What are the functions of the cerebral hemispheres?

A

Left: Speech, verbalization, math, logic

Right: Visual-spatial skills, intuition, emotion

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16
Q

What are the functions of the cerebral lobes?

A

Frontal: contains voluntary motor for planning, mood, smell, and social judgement.

Parietal: integrates sensory in shapes, textures, speech.

Occipital: is optical

Temporal: Contains areas for hearing, emotional behavior, learning, memory, smell

Insula: apparently involved in memory and taste.

17
Q

What consist of grey matter?

A

neuron bodies, dendrites, unmyelinated axons, glial cells

18
Q

What consist of white matter?

A

dendrites, myelinated axons, and glial cells.

19
Q

How are fibers classified in the white matter of the cerebrum?

A

Fibers are classified as:
Commissural fibers
Association fibers
Projection fibers

20
Q

What are basal nuclei? Functions?

A

Masses of grey matter deep to cerebral cortex

Involved in motor control (start, stop and regulate intensity of voluntary movements ordered by cerebral cortex)

21
Q

What are the functions of the grey matter?

A

Basal Forebrain nuclei: associated with memory, learning, arousal, motor control, associated with synthesis and released of ACh.
Claustrum: unknown function

22
Q

What are the functional areas of the cerebral cortex?

A

Sensory areas: conscious awareness of sensation

Association areas: integrate information

Motor areas: control voluntary motor functions

23
Q

Where is the primary motor cortex (precentral gyrus)?

A

Frontal lobe

24
Q

Where is the primary somatosensory cortex (postcentral gyrus)?

A

Parietal lobe

25
Q

What are the Brocca and Wernike’s area?

A

Wernicke’s area: permits recognition of spoken and written language

Broca’s area: generates motor program for larynx, tongue, cheeks, and lips transmits that to primary motor cortex for action

26
Q

What is the brainstem?

A

Consist of midbrain, ponds, and medulla

Bidirectional passageway for tracts between cerebrum-spinal cord, automatic behaviors necessary for survival, and integrates auditory and visual reflexes

27
Q

What are the functions of the spinal cord?

A

Involved in sensory and motor innervation of body below head

28
Q

SAME DAVE

A

Sensory- Afferent, Motor Efferent; Doral-Afferent, Ventral Efferent.

Anatomy (7 decks)

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