Central Nervous System

Question 1

cerebrum

Answer 1

• Largest part of the brain (all the lobes)
• responsible for voluntary activity, the senses, and thinking

Question 2

cerebellum

Answer 2

• The “little brain”
• responsible for coordinated movement, balance, and processing sensory input

Question 3

medulla oblongata

Answer 3

part of the brain stem that controls all vital, life-sustaining functions. (breathing, heartbeat, etc.)

Question 4

pons

Answer 4

a brain structure that relays info from the cerebellum to the rest of the brain

Question 5

hypothalamus

Answer 5

a neural structure lying below the thalamus that maintains homeostasis

mnemonic:
homeo = hypo

Question 6

thalamus

Answer 6

the brain’s sensory control center; on top of brainstem, the brain messenger!

Question 7

pineal gland

Answer 7

controls reproduction and circadian rhythm

Question 8

gyrus (gyri)

Answer 8

ridges in the brain

Question 9

sulcus (sulci)

Answer 9

deep groove in the cerebrum

Question 10

fissures

Answer 10

deep divide in the brain (longitudinal, and separating the cerebrum and cerebellum -> transverse)

Question 11

ventricle

Answer 11

a small hollow within the brain that is filled with cerebrospinal fluid

Question 12

4 ventricle in the brain!

Question 13

Lateral ventricle

Answer 13

a complex C-shaped portion within each hemisphere

Question 14

3rd ventricle

Answer 14

in the middle of the brain; communicates with the lateral ventricles

Question 15

superior colliculus

Answer 15

receives visual sensory input

Question 16

inferior colliculus

Answer 16

receives auditory sensory input

Question 17

corpus callosum

Answer 17

thick band of axons that connects and communicates between the two hemispheres

Question 18

Fornix

Answer 18

a fiber tract that extends from the hippocampus to the mammillary body

Question 19

Arbor vitae

Answer 19

“tree of life” white matter of the cerebellum

Question 20

infundibulum of the brain

Answer 20

a stalk that attaches the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus

Question 21

oculomotor nerves

Answer 21

(removed during dissection) control smooth muscle of eye, controls eye focusing/movement

Question 22

olfactory bulb

Answer 22

the brain center for smell (below frontal lobes)

Question 23

optic chiasma

Answer 23

X-shaped structure under the brain where the two optic nerves cross each other

Question 24

4th ventricle

Answer 24

floor formed by medulla + pons and the roof formed by the cerebellum

Question 25

pituitary gland

Answer 25

at the base of the brain; considered the master gland that secretes hormones that regulate the function of other glands

Question 26

optic nerve

Answer 26

the nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain

Question 27

white matter of the brain

Answer 27

myelinated axons

Question 28

gray matter of the brain

Answer 28

cell bodies

Question 29

dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

Answer 29

3 layers on meninges (brain covering)

Question 30

epinephrin effects in Lion-guy’s case

Answer 30

Epinephrin gave him the ability to feel little pain and stay relaxed during the fight