Central Dogma of Molecular Biology Flashcards
1
Q
Definition of Dogma
A
- Beliefs that are the foundation of a topic
2
Q
Central Dogma of Molecular Biology
A
- DNA makes RNAmakes Protiens which determines Traits
- DNA makes itself through DNA Replication
3
Q
DNA Structure
A
- Deoxyribonucleic Acid
- Tells cells what to do by telling them what proteins to make
- 2 strands of nucleotides
- Composed of a 5 carbon sugar, phosphate group, Nitrogenous base
- Antiparallel
4
Q
3 Types of RNA
A
- Messenger
- Tranfer
- Ribosomal
5
Q
Protein Synthesis
A
- Process that makes sure you can make the same protein the same way, every time
6
Q
Where does Protein Synthesis Occur?
When does it happen?
What gets replicated?
A
- Part 1- Nucleus, Part 2- Cytoplasm
- Happens on an as need basis
- one gene on one chromosome
7
Q
Transcription
A
- RNA Polymerase unzips the gene
- Free floating RNA nucleotides base pair with the exposed DNA bases
- mRNA detaches and DNA zips back up
8
Q
mRNA Perfection
A
- a Cap is added to the 5 prime end
- a poly A tail is added to the 3 prime end
- Introns get snipped out and Exons pushed together
9
Q
Translation
A
- mRNA gets into the cytoplasm and a ribosome sits down on the first codon, reads it, and calls for the correct tRNA and the correct anticodon
- The tRNA has a specific amino acid on its other side
- Ribosomes need the next codon, calls for the tRNA with the correct anticodon and correct amino acid
- This continues until all codons have been read
10
Q
Redundancy
A
- also called Degeneracy
- When multiple codons code for the same anino acid
11
Q
Wobble Effect
A
- 3rd base can sometines wobble and code for the same animo acid
