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Foundations Of Health Sciences > Central Dogma And Its Application In Medicine > Flashcards

Central Dogma And Its Application In Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

What is central dogma?

A

Conceptual representation flow of genetic info

DNA - transcription - RNA - translation - protein

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2
Q

Enzyme used in process of DNA to RNA

A

RNA polymerase

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3
Q

Enzymes used in central dogma?

A

DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase, Reverse transcriptase, RNA dependent RNA polymerase

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4
Q

Explain the sickle cell disease

A

A mutation occurs where glutamic acid (polar mol) mutates Into valine which is a non polar molecule. These nonpolar molecules interact together and and they get stacked to one side of the rbc. This changes the shape of the RBC

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5
Q

What happens when sickle cell is formed?

A

1-RBC’s cannot carry oxygen

2- RBC’s cannot move freely by of their shape so they get stuck in blood vessels often which causes pain

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6
Q

What is a genome

A

An organisms complete set of DNA including all of it’s genes

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7
Q

Transcriptome

A

The full range of messenger rna or mRNA, molecules expressed by organisms

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8
Q

What is the process of DNA to DNA called?

A

Replication

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9
Q

Enzyme used in DNA replication

A

DNA polymerase

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10
Q

Process of DNA to RNA

A

Transcription

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11
Q

Process of RNA to DNA

A

Reverse transcription

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12
Q

Enzyme Tuesday in RNA to DNA

A

reverse transcriptase

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13
Q

RNA to RNA process?

A

RNA replication

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14
Q

RNA to RNA enzyme

A

RNA dependent RNA polymerase

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15
Q

Proteome

A

Complete set of proteins expressed by an organism

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16
Q

Metabalome

A

The quantitative complement of low-molecular weight metabolites present in a cell under a given set of physiological conditions

Or

The metabolome refers to the complete set of small-molecule chemicals found within a biological sample

17
Q

What is HbC?

A

Hemoglobin C disease which occurs when the 6th position in the beta chain of RBC is replaced by another amino acid, in this case glutamate is replaced by lysine

18
Q

Why does HbC move slowly towards the anode compared to HbS and HbA?

A

Because in HbC, the previous amino acid which is negative is replaced by a positive amino acid (lysine)

Foundations Of Health Sciences (9 decks)

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