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Central and Southern Italy Flashcards

1
Q

When was the first vintage of Sassicaia and who created it?

A

Marquis Mario Rocchetta, who released the first commercial vintage of Sassicaia in 1968.

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2
Q

Who is Piero Antinori and what is his wine?

A

Nephew of Marquis Mario Rocchetta, his wine is Tignanello

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3
Q

How much wine does Tuscany produce annually and how much is at DOC/DOCG level?

A

3 MIllion Hectoliters, 45%

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4
Q

Climate of Tuscany

A

Although Tuscany as a whole enjoys a dry, maritime-influenced climate, winters can be harsh and summers can be long and hot.

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5
Q

Climate and Location of Montalcino

A

Arid, Southern Province of Siena

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6
Q

Climate and Location of Montepulciano

A

Further inland, more continental

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7
Q

Main red grape of Tuscany

A

Sangiovese

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8
Q

Describe Sangiovese

A

Typically, Sangiovese wines are light in color, naturally high in acidity, firmly tannic, and medium- to full-bodied. Sour cherry notes and herbal undertones are common.

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9
Q

Sangiovese DOCGs in Tuscany

A 
Chianti
Chianti Classico
Carmignano
Vino Nobile di Montepulciano
Morellino di Scansano
Montecucco Sangiovese
Brunello di Montalcino (100% Sangiovese)
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10
Q

8 Subzones of Chianti

A 
Rufina (Firenze)
Colli Fiorentini (Firenze)
Montespertoli (Firenze)
Montalbano (Prato, Pistoia, Firenze)
Colli Senesi (Siena)
Colli Aretini (Arezzo)
Colline Pisane (Pisa)
Classico
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11
Q

Blending Requirements Chianti

A

70-100% Sangiovese
Maximum 30% combined other grapes authorized for Toscana
Maximum 10% white grapes
Maximum 15% combined Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Franc

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12
Q

Blending Requirements Chianti Classico

A

80-100% Sangiovese
Maximum 20% other red grapes authorized by Siena and Firenze (i.e. Colorino, Canaiolo Nero, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot)
As of the 2006 vintage, Trebbiano Toscano and Malvasia Bianco are no longer allowed

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13
Q

Two native grapes other than Sangiovese important in Tuscan wine production

A

Canaiolo and Colorino

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14
Q

White grape gaining traction in Maremma

A

Vermentino

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15
Q

Year Chianti was elevated to DOCG

A

1984

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16
Q

Firm dominating Rufina

A

Frescobaldi

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17
Q

Only two producers in Pomino DOC within Rufina

A

Frescobaldi, Fattoria Selvapiana

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18
Q

What is Pomino DOC?

A

Within Rufina it allows a higher percentage of international varietals as well as a number of varietal bottling

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19
Q

Who is credited with creating the Chianti Recipe and when?

A

Baron Bettino Ricasoli

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20
Q

When was the general recipe for Chianti updated?

A

1996

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21
Q

Which subzone of Chianti requires a minimum of 75% Sangiovese?

A

Colli Senesi

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22
Q

Which two white grapes are allowed in Chianti?

A

Trebbiano Toscana and Malvasia

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23
Q

What is governo?

A

refermentation with the juice of dried grapes, to strengthen the wine and initiate malolactic fermentation, must be put on label, most quality minded producers avoid

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24
Q

When may Chianti normale be release?

A

March 1st of year following harvest

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25
Q

Which Chianti Subzones require additional aging?

A

Florentine subzones of Rùfina, Montespertoli, and Colli Fiorentini

26
Q

How much aging is required for Chianti Riserva?

27
Q

What is Chianti Superiore?

A

Extra half degree of alcohol and lowered vineyard yields

28
Q

Four villages in Chianti Classico

A

Radda
Gaiole
Castellina
Greve

29
Q

Two soil types of Chianti Classico

A

soft, friable, marl-like galestro and alberese, or sandstone

30
Q

As of what vintage are white grapes no longer allowed to be blended into Chianti Classico?

31
Q

Aging Requirement for Chianti Classico

32
Q

Aging Requirement for Chianti Classico Riserva

33
Q

Aging Requirement for Chianti Classico Gran Selezione

A

Gran Selezione wines—a new category introduced in 2013—must be aged for at least 30 months prior to release. Barrique is often the wood vessel of choice for aging riserva Chianti Classico.

34
Q

Who is Clemente Santi?

A

Clemente Santi of Tenuta Greppo’s Biondi-Santi with the invention of the Brunello style, as the producer was the first to isolate the Brunello clone and bottle it alone in 1865. Biondi-Santi’s reputation and the style were immortalized shortly thereafter, with the release of the Brunello Riserva 1888

35
Q

Which Chianti Subzone does the hill of Montalcino overlap?

36
Q

Clone of Brunello

A

Sangiovese Grosso aka Brunello

37
Q

Minimum aging for Brunello

A

2 years in cask additional 4 months in bottle, may not be released until 5th year after harvest

38
Q

Minimum aging for Brunello Riserva

A

2 years in cask, additional 6 months in bottle, may not be released until 6th year after harvest

39
Q

What soil characterizes higher altitude vineyards in Montalcino?

40
Q

What soil is predominant in warmer subregions of Montalcino?

41
Q

Two examples of modern producers using smaller barrels and shorter macerations

A

Casanova di Neri

Mastrojanni

42
Q

Three examples of traditional Brunello Producers

A

Biondi-Santi
Talenti
Soldera

43
Q

Aging Requirements for Rosso di Montalcino

A

1 year no oak required

44
Q

What is Sant’Antimo DOC?

A

Created in 1996, provides Montalcino producers an outlet for “Super-Tuscan” wines. Any grape authorized in Tuscany may be utilized for Sant’Antimo DOC, and the wines may be either red or white.created in 1996, provides Montalcino producers an outlet for “Super-Tuscan” wines. Any grape authorized in Tuscany may be utilized for Sant’Antimo DOC, and the wines may be either red or white.

45
Q

Clone of Sangiovese in Vino Nobile de Montepulciano DOCG

A

Prugnolo Gentile

46
Q

Blend of Vino Nobile de Montepulciano DOCG

A

Minimum 70% Sangiovese (known locally as Prugnolo Gentile)
Maximum 30% combined other red and white authorized grapes of Tuscany (maximum 5% of non-aromatic white grapes and Malvasia Bianca Lunga)

47
Q

Aging for VNdM

A

Vino Nobile di Montepulciano: Minimum 2 years aging from January 1 of the year following the harvest, with the following options:
24 months in wood
Minimum 18 months in wood plus 6 months in an alternative container
Minimum 12 months in wood and a minimum 6 months in bottle, with the remainder in an alternative container
Riserva: Minimum 3 years aging, including at least 6 months in bottle, from January 1 of the year following the harvest

48
Q

Where is Morellino di Scansano DOCG?

A

Coastal Tuscany, Southern Maremma

49
Q

Blend of Morellino di Scansano DOCG

A

Minimum 85% Sangiovese (locally known as Morellino)

Maximum 15% other red varieties authorized by the province of Grosseto

50
Q

Blend of Carmignano DOCG

A

Minimum 50% Sangiovese
10-20% combined Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon
Maximum 20% Canaiolo Nero
Maximum 10% combined Trebbiano Toscano, Malvasia del Chianti, Canaiolo Bianco
Maximum 10% combined other red varieties suitable for cultivation in Toscana (i.e. Merlot, Syrah)

51
Q

DOCG of Elba

A

Elba Aleatico Passito DOCG

52
Q

Aleatico

A

Red skinned possible mutation of Muscat Blanc a Petit Grains

53
Q

Only white wine DOCG in Tuscany

A

Vernaccia di San Gimignano DOCG

54
Q

Two Grapes of Orvieto DOC

A

Grechetto and Trebbiano Toscano

55
Q

Red Wine DOC within Orvieto

A

Lago di Corbara DOC

56
Q

Two red wine DOCGs of Umbria

A

Sagrantino di Montefalco DOCG

Torgiano Rosso Riserva DOCG

57
Q

Blend of Sagrantino di Montefalco DOCG

A

100% Sagrantino

58
Q

Aging of Sagrantino di Montefalco DOCG

A

minimum 37 months, including 12 months in wood for the dry wines

59
Q

Traditional expression of Sagrantino

A

Passito, dry Sagrantino is a relatively new idea

60
Q

Torgiano Rosso Riserva DOCG Blend

A

70-100% Sangiovese

61
Q

Torgiano Rosso Riserva DOCG Aging

A

minimum three years of aging prior to release—including six months in bottle

Wine (14 decks)

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