Cellular Ultrastructure

Question 1

Nucleus

Answer 1

Holds the cells genetic material and controls the cells activities

Question 2

Nucleolus

Answer 2

Produce and assemble the cell’s ribosomes

Question 3

Mitochondria

Answer 3

Cellular respiration - produces the bulk of the animal cell’s ATP

Question 4

ATP

Answer 4

Adenosine triphosphate - energy carrying molecule

Question 5

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 5

Produces proteins for the rest of the cell to function

Question 6

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 6

Produces proteins for the rest of the cell to function

Question 7

Golgi apparatus

Answer 7

Transport, sorting and modification of both protein and lipid molecules

Question 8

Lyosomes

Answer 8

Digestive system of the cell - Degrades material taken up from outside the cell and digests obsolete components of the cell itself

Question 9

Plasma membrane

Answer 9

Provides protection and a fixed environment for the cell. Membrane transports nutrients in and toxic substances out

Question 10

Cilia

Answer 10

Help a cell to move or help transport fluid or materials past them

Question 11

Cytoskeleton

Answer 11

Structure, support, motility and transporting materials within the cell

Question 12

Ribosomes

Answer 12

The site of protein synthesis. Reads the messenger RNA sequence and translates that genetic code into a specified string of amino acids

Question 13

Centrosomes

Answer 13

Involved in the process of cell division. Organises microtubules and provides structure. Also pulls chromatids apart.

Question 14

Peroxisomes

Answer 14

Helps keep the cell free from toxins. Involved in lipid biosynthesis. Synthesises cholesterol and dolichol (Also synthesised in the endoplasmic reticulum).