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Science > Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis Test > Flashcards

Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis Test Flashcards

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1
Q

What food substance supplies energy to cells?

A

Glucose

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2
Q

What does ATP stand for?

A

Adenosene triphosphate

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3
Q

What is the function of ATP?

A

Carries energy from one part of a cell to another. (You can think of it as just being energy)

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4
Q

Name the parts of an ATP molecule.

A

Adenine, ribos, and phosphate groups

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5
Q

What is the difference between a drawing of an ATP and ADP molecule?

A

ATP will have 3 Ps (all in the same spot) and ADP will have 2 Ps (all in the same spot)

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6
Q

What happens to an ATP molecule when it releases energy?

A

Turns into ADP+P

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7
Q

What happens to an ADP molecule and P when it absorbs energy?

A

Turns into ATP

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8
Q

What does ADP stand for?

A

Adenosene diphosphate

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9
Q

Where is ATP made?

A

Mitchondrial matrix

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10
Q

Define aerobic reaction:

A

Needs oxygen (aerobic has the root word aero. which means air) (ex. hairspray is a type of aerosol)

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11
Q

Define anaerobic reaction:

A

Doesnt need oxygen

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12
Q

Why does cellular respiration produce more ATP than fermentation?

A

Glucose is completely broken down in cellular respiration but not in fermentation

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13
Q

What organism uses fermentation to obtain energy from glucose?

A

Yeast (and some bacteria)

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14
Q

Why are almost all anaerobic organisms only made of a single cell?

A

They don’t need as much energy as multi-celled organisms

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15
Q

Is the process of fermentation an anaerobic or aerobic reaction?

A

Anaerobic. It does not need oxygen.

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16
Q

Write the chemical equation for fermentation and know what is made.

A

somebody jus write it from their notes. bro….

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17
Q

Define cellular respiration

A

Breaking down glucose to make ATP using oxygen

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18
Q

Know the overall equation for cellular respiration

A

C6 H12 O6 ➡️ 6CO2 +6H2O
+38 ATP

19
Q

What are the three stages of cellular respiration?

A
  1. Glycolysis
  2. Krebs cycle
  3. Electron Transport Chain (ETC)
20
Q

Know if each stage of cellular respiration is anaerobic or aerobic

A
  1. Glycolysis: Anaerobic
  2. Krebs cycle: Aerobic
  3. ETC: Aerobic
21
Q

Know where each stage of cellular respiration occurs

A
  1. Glycolysis: Cytoplasm
  2. Krebs cycle: Mitochondria Matrix
  3. ETC: Inner Mitochondria Membrane
22
Q

Know what each stage of cellular respiration produces

A
  1. Glycolysis: 2 pyruvic acid, 2 NAHD, and 4 ATP
  2. Krebs cycle: 6CO2, 2 ATP, and 8 NADH+2FADH2
  3. ETC: 34 ATP and 6H2O
23
Q

What stage of cellular respiration produces the most ATP

A

Electron Transport Chain

24
Q

When would aerobic organisms carry out lactic acid fermentation? In what cells would this occur?

A

In muscle cells when they don’t get enough oxygen. Lactic acid builds up and causes pain.

25
Q

What is the overall equation for lactic acid fermentation?

A

Glucose➡️Lactic Acid + 2 ATP

26
Q

What are the advantages/disadvantages of cellular respiration to fermentation?

A

Fermentation only makes 2ATP per glucose, while cellular respiration makes 38

27
Q

Define photosynthesis

A

The process that makes food/glucose

28
Q

Equation for photosynthesis

A

6CO2 + 6 H2O + light —-> C6H12O6 + 6O2

29
Q

Two stages of photosynthesis

A

Light reaction and Calvin cycle

30
Q

Where in the chloroplast does each occur (for photosynthesis)

A

Light reaction: Thylakoid membrane
Calvin cycle: Stroma

31
Q

What is needed for the stages?
(for photosynthesis)

A

Light: light, water (H2O
Calvin: CO2, ATP, NADPH

32
Q

take a break and blink 3 times

A

kool

33
Q

What can change the rate of photosynthesis?

A

The light

34
Q

The complete breakdown of 1 glucose molecule produces how many ATP molecules?

A

38

35
Q

Most ATP is made in the…

A

Mitochondria

36
Q

Define glycolysis

A

Splitting of glucose

37
Q

What is the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?

A

Final electronic acceptor.

38
Q

ATP synthase is part of the…

A

ETC

39
Q

How many molecules of ATP can be made from each NADH during ETC? FADH2?

A

NADH= 3 FADH2= 2

40
Q

Where does the process of fermentation take place?

A

Cytoplasm

41
Q

Where does the O2 produced during photosynthesis come from?

A

The splitting of water.

42
Q

Define cellular respiration

A

A series of chemical reactions that break down glucose to produce ATP

43
Q

Equation for cellular respiration

A

C6H12O6 + 6O2 –> 6CO2 + 6H2O + 38 ATP

44
Q

Three stages of cellular respiration

A

glycolysis
Krebs cycle
ETC

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