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General > Cellular Physiology > Flashcards

Cellular Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Total body fluid volume

A

60% of the body weight

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2
Q

Contents of the body fluid in percent

A 
60% fluid
17% proteins
15% fats
1% carbohydrates
7% others
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3
Q

Blood volume

A

8% of body weight

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4
Q

Movement of molecules across cell membrane without using ATP

A

Passive transport

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5
Q

Movement of solutes from high concentration gradient to lower concentration gradient

A

Simple/passive diffusion

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6
Q

Movement of molecules from low to high concentration gradient that uses ATP

A

Active transport

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7
Q

Example of passive diffusion

A

Across blood vessels

Gas exchange

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8
Q

Example of facilitated diffusion

A

Glucose transport across cell membrane

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9
Q

Cells in hypertonic solution

A

Shrinks

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10
Q

Cells in hypotonic solution

A

Burst

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11
Q

Example of isotonic solution

A

Saliva then becomes hypotonic

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12
Q

Most important protein that increases osmotic pressure of the blood

A

Albumin

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13
Q

Increase Hydrogen

A

Acidic

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14
Q

Decrease hydrogen

A

Basic

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15
Q

Example of active transport

A

Na-K pump
Proton pump
Exocytosis
Endocytosis

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16
Q

pH of

  1. Stomach
  2. Blood and body tissues
A
  1. 1 to 3 pH

2. 7. 35 to 7.45 pH

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17
Q

Cells that produce HCl

A

Parietal cells

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18
Q

Non-insulin dependent tissues

A

Brain, RBC, Intestines, Cornea, Kidney, Liver and Exercising skeletal muscles

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19
Q

Most important buffer of blood plasma in ECF

A

Bicarbonate

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20
Q

Buffer of blood plasma in ICF

A

Phosphate

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21
Q

Other term for desmosomes

A

Macula adherens

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22
Q

Cellular junction that forms a bridge that allows ion diffusion between cells

A

Gap junctions

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23
Q

Cellular junction formed by connexons and connexins

A

Gap junctions

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24
Q

Other term for tight junctions

A

Zona occludens

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25
Q

Other term for adherens junction

A

Zona adherens

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26
Q

Cellular junction that prevents leaking of substances

A

Tight junctions

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27
Q

Cellular junction that prevent separation of epithelial cells during intestinal contraction

A

Adherens junction

28
Q

Cellular junction seen in Cardiac muscle cell

A

Gap junction

Desmosomes

29
Q

Gap junction found in junctional epithelium

A

Hemidesmosomes

30
Q

Enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates

A

Amylase

31
Q

Enzyme that breaks down fats

A

Lipase

32
Q

Enzyme that breaks down Protein

A

Trypsin

33
Q

Major duct of pancreas

A

Wirsung’s duct

34
Q

Accessory duct of pancreas

A

Duct of santorini

35
Q

Contents of saliva

A

Minerals (calcium and phosphate)

36
Q

Salivary gland stones

A

Sialoliths

37
Q

Most common location of sialoliths

A

Warthon’s duct

38
Q

Gland that is both endocrine & exocrine

A

Pancreas

39
Q

Example of Holocrine

A

Sebaceous gland

40
Q

Example of apocrine

A

Mammary gland

41
Q

Example of merocrine

A

Salivary gland

42
Q

Cells found in salivary glands

A

Basket cells or Myoepithelial cells

43
Q

Best example of unicellular gland

A

Goblet cells

44
Q

Ehlers Danlos Syndrome

A

Rubberman syndrome

45
Q

Muscle that causes difficulty in taking xray in mandibular molar

A

Mylohyoid muscle

46
Q

Muscle that divides the submandibular gland

A

Mylohyoid muscle

47
Q

Gland that produces the greatest amount of saliva

A

Submandibular gland

48
Q

Major duct of:

a. Parotid gland
b. Submandibular gland
c. Sublingual gland

A

a. Stensen’s duct
b. Warthon’s duct
c. Bartholin’s duct

49
Q

The only unencapsulated major salivary gland

A

Sublingual gland

50
Q

Stensen’s duct location

A

Opens opposite maxillary 2nd molar

51
Q

Warthon’s duct location

A

Opens in sublingual caruncle

52
Q

Salivary glands that are purely serous

A

Parotid gland

Glands of von ebner

53
Q

Glands of Blandin-Nuhn

A

Anterior lingual

Mixed but mostly serous

54
Q

Body tissue that lines and covers body surface and cavities

A

Epithelial

55
Q

Body tissue that protects, supports and binds body tissues together

A

Connective

56
Q

Body tissue for movement

A

Muscular

57
Q

Body tissue that receives stimuli and conducts impulses

A

Nervous

58
Q

Desmosomes (spot-weld like/macula adherens)

A

Epidermis

Cardiac muscle cells

59
Q

Hemidesmosomes

A

Basement membrane

Junctional epithelium

60
Q

Gap junctions

A

Connexins
Nerve cells
Cardiac muscle cells

61
Q

Nikolsky sign

Acantholysis

A

Pemphigus vulgaris

62
Q

Autoimmune disorder wherein the immune system destroys hemidesmosomes
blisters

A

Bullous pemphigoid

63
Q

Glands of Von Ebner

A

Circumvallate papillae

Serous

64
Q

Palatine Glands

A

Posterolateral border of palate

Mucous

65
Q

Buccal and Labial Glands

A

Mucous

General (4 decks)

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