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Pathology > Cellular Components and Chemical Mediators of Inflammatory Process > Flashcards

Cellular Components and Chemical Mediators of Inflammatory Process Flashcards

1
Q

granulocytes

A

polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN)
basophils and eosinophils

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2
Q

polymorphonuclear neutrophil

A

first at party
motile phagocytes
most active
fight against bacteria and fungus
attracted by chemotactic factors

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3
Q

basophils and eosinophils

A

inflammation due to allergic reaction
eosinophils fight off parasitic infections

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4
Q

agranulocytes

A

monocytes
macrophage
giant cell
lymphocyte
mast cells

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5
Q

monocytes

A

circulates in bloodstream until they become fixed in the tissue then differentiate into macrophage

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6
Q

macrophage

A

specific to tissue type
introduce foreign substances to the immune system providing a cellular link between inflammatory process and immunity

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7
Q

giant cell

A

when several macrophages join together toe at something really big or a resistant microbe

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8
Q

lymphocyte

A

leukocytes found in lymph system
present in all cases of chronic inflammation
initiate immune process
plasma cells: produces antibodies involved in immune system response

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9
Q

mast cells

A

created in marrow, travels in blood to a tissue
stays in connective tissue close to vessels of the circulatory system and epithelial tissues of integumentary system including the respiratory and GI tracts
have granules in their cytoplasm containing histamine

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10
Q

chemical mediators

A

molecular substances that direct the actions of the cells that take part in the inflammatory process

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11
Q

exogenous chemical mediators

A

outside the body
lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in Gram - bacteria

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12
Q

LPS is associated with

A

the chronic inflammation seen in periodontal disease

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13
Q

endogenous chemical mediators

A

produced by the body
cell-derived or plasma-derived
produced from activation of a substance circulating blood plasma
produced by specific cells carrying chemicals to be secreted as needed
can be synthesized and secreted

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14
Q

cell-derived chemical mediators

A

histamine
serotonin
platelet activating factor
prostaglandin
leukotrienes
cytokines

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15
Q

histamine

A

granules of mast cells and basophils
dilation of blood vessels and vascular permeability
smooth muscle contraction lungs and GI, nasal mucous production

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16
Q

serotonin

A

released from platelets in response to platelet activating factor
increases vascular permeability

17
Q

platelet activating factor

A

derived from cell membranes of granulocytes, mast cells, monocytes, platelets and endothelial cells
sticking of platelets and release of serotonin
increases vasodilation and vascular permeability
increases phagocytic action

18
Q

prostaglandin

A

synthesize by all types of leukocytes
causes vasodilation, vascular permeability, increased pain, bronchoconstriction, smooth muscle contraction, increasing body temp
TISSUE DESTRUCTION IN PERIO DISEASE

19
Q

cyotkines

A

produced by macrophages and some types of lymphocytes
chemokines, tumor necrosis factor and interleukins
very strong chemotactic agents for cells in IP
TNF-a and interleukins - ALL stages of IP
TISSUE DESTRUCTION FROM PERIO DISEASE

19
Q

leuokotrienes

A

work with prostaglandins for sustained effects of vasodilation and vascular permeability
synthesized by all leukocytes and mast cells

19
Q

plasma-derived chemical mediators

A

consists of a series of inactive enzymes, once the first enzyme in the series is activated which causes a domino effect and a series of activations (cascade)

20
Q

complement system

A

important in IP and immunity
membrane attack complex (MAC)… punch holes in cell walls of microbes
cascade: classic pathways (slow) and alternative pathways (fast)

21
Q

coagulation system

A

when Hageman factor comes into contact with cellular debris from injured endothelial cell or vessel
involved in activation of complement system and kinin system
creates blood clots

22
Q

kinin system

A

results in formation of bradykinin
causes vascular permeability, vasodilation and pain

Pathology (12 decks)

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