Cells: types and parts of the cell Flashcards
What are uni cellular organisms
Organism consists of a single cell which performs all necessary functions for organisms life; metabolism, reproduction e.g. bacteria
What are multicellular organisms
Organism composed of multiple cells working together to perform different functions for organisms survival. These varying cells are organised so they can be used for respiration, digestion, reproduction e.g. humans
What is the Mitochondria?
A membrane bound organelle (theres multiple and in BOTH animals and plants) found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. referred to as ‘power house’ because they generate most ATP They have their own DNA and can replicate
What is the Chloroplast?
Organelles that are ONLY found in plant cells. Responsible for photosynthesis. Inside Chloroplasts, biochemical reactions occur, providing energy for plant and releases oxygen
What are Prokaryotic cells?
Unicellular organisms that have cells that lack a nucleus and other organelles. Prokaryotes are divided into two distinct groups: the bacteria and the archaea
What are Eukaryotic cells?
A multicellular organism that possesses a clearly defined nucleus
What is the cell membrane?
A thin, flexible barrier around a cell made form a phospholipid bilayer that controls what enters and exits.
What is the phospholipid bilayer?
A double layer of phospholipids that makes up the cell membrane, with hydrophobic tails facing inward and hydrophilic heads facing outward.
Define nucleus
The membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells that contains genetic material (DNA) and controls cellular activities.
What is the cell membrane used for?
- selective transport of materials: allowing some to enter and blocking others
- Recognising other cells and acting on equilibrium, used when a virus is contracted
- Attachment sizes for enzymes and hormones.
What does selective transport/permability mean in the cell membrane?
The ability of the cell membrane to allow some substances to pass through while blocking others.
