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Anatomy 1 > Cells, Tissues, And membranes > Flashcards

Cells, Tissues, And membranes Flashcards

1
Q

The smallest recognizable part of the body capable of performing all activities of life are called…

A

What are cells?

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2
Q

The basic structural and functional unit of an organism is called…

A

What are cells?

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3
Q

A group of small chemicals that work together to perform a specific function are called…

A

What are cells?

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4
Q

What do cells make up?

A

Tissues

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5
Q

Two or more cells, or a group of cells, arranged to perform a specific function

A

What are tissues?

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6
Q

What makes of tissues in the body?

A

Cells

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7
Q

What are the four primary basic tissue groups of the body?

A

Muscle tissue. Epithelial tissue, nervous tissue, connective tissue

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8
Q

This tissue covers body surfaces and lines, hollow organs, such as the mouth in the esophagus

A

What is epithelial tissue?

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9
Q

This tissue is described as being mosaic or tile-shaped in structure or pattern

A

What is epithelial tissue?

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10
Q

There are two special types of this epithelial tissue. What are they called?

A

What is endothelium and grandular tissue?

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11
Q

This type of epithelial tissue is known to line the inside of the body

A

What is endothelium a.k.a. endothelial tissue

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12
Q

This type of epithelial tissue helped form the glands in the body

A

What is glandular epithelial tissue?

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13
Q

These are the cells specialized to secrete substances like hormone and perspiration within the body

A

What are glands?

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14
Q

EXO means what prefix

A

What is outside?

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15
Q

Endo means what prefix

A

What is inside?

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16
Q

Hetero means what ( prefix )

A

 What is both?

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17
Q

These type of epithelial gland, secrete substances and products into ducts that empty onto the surface of the body, or into a body cavity, or a hollow organ

A

What are exocrine glands?

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18
Q

Sweat, salivary, and mammary are these types of glands

A

What are exocrine glands?

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19
Q

These types of epithelial glands secrete their hormones directly into the bloodstream, and are considered ductless glands

A

What are endocrine glands?

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20
Q

Examples of this type of gland includes the pituitary gland  which secretes HGH, thyroid gland, which secretes thyroxine, and the adrenal gland, which secretes adrenaline…

A

What are endocrine glands?

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21
Q

These epithelial glands have both an endocrine and exocrine portion

A

What are heterocrine glands

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22
Q

This heterocrine gland secretes digestive enzymes on exocrine portion and secretes insulin with the endocrine portion

A

What is the pancreas?

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23
Q

The isles of Langerhans are more commonly known as what two other names

A

What are the pancreatic islets otherwise known as the endocrine portion of the pancreas?

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24
Q

This type of tissue connects,binds, protects and supports the body and its organs and is the most abundant tissue in the body

A

What is connective tissue?

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25
Q

This type of tissue is found almost everywhere with in the body, including bones, cartilage, mucous membrane, muscles, skin, and all internal organs

A

What is connective tissue?

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26
Q

This type of tissue consists of relatively few cells in a generous matrix, the ground substance, and fibers between the cells

A

 What is connective tissue?

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27
Q

What are the five types of connective tissue? DaCOV

A

Dense, adipose, cartilage, osseous and vascular

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28
Q

This type of connective tissue provides a strong attachment between structures (example, include tendons and ligaments)

A

What is dense connective tissue?

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29
Q

List the five types of dense, connective tissue? FlatPP

A

-Tendon connects muscle to bone (muscles are tender)
-ligament, connects bone to bone
- Aponeurosis: connects muscle to muscle or muscle to bone.
-Periosteum covers the bone
- perichondrium covers cartilage
fascia covers muscle in other organs.

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30
Q

This type of connective tissue consists of cells, specialized the store fat

A

What is adipose tissue?

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31
Q

This type of connective tissue can be found around the heart, kidneys, in yellow bone marrow, and behind the eye-socket…

A

What is adipose tissue?

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32
Q

This type of connective tissue reduces/prevents heat loss through the skin serves as energy reserves, supports and protects organs

A

What is adipose tissue?

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33
Q

This type of connective tissue endures more stress than any other type of connective tissue, and is considered a avascular (meaning no blood vessels or nerves run through this type of tissue)

A

What is cartilage?

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34
Q

This type of avascular tissue gets its nourishment from the perichondrium

A

What is cartilage?

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35
Q

Name the three types of cartilage?

A

When is Hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage, and elastic cartilage

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36
Q

This type of cartilage is the most abundant cartilage in the body, and the weakest type of cartilage also known as gristle

A

What is hyaline cartilage?

37
Q

This type of cartilage tissue provides flexibility and support at the joints to reduce friction between bones

A

What is hyaline cartilage?

38
Q

Two types of this cartilage include articular and costal…

A

What is hyaline cartilage?

39
Q

This type of hyaline cartilage tissue is seen at the ends of bones

A

What is articular cartilage? (Aka between articulations)

40
Q

This type of hyaline cartilage tissue can be found at the front of your ribs

A

What is costal cartilage?

41
Q

This type of cartilage is the strongest of the three types of cartilage, and combines its strength and rigidity to make strong the space between the vertebrae and where the two hip bones meet anteriorly (pubis symphysis)

A

What is fibrocartilage? 

42
Q

This type of cartilage helps body parts, maintain their shape, and is most famously found on the external part of the ear, in the epiglottis and in the auditory tubes…

A

What is elastic cartilage?

43
Q

Osseous, connective tissue the hardest type of connective tissue consist of what substance

A

What is bone

44
Q

Vascular connective tissue consist of what substance

A

What is blood - this liquid connective tissue that carries blood cells

45
Q

This type of tissue produces movement in response to nerve impulses

A

What is muscle tissue?

46
Q

This type of tissue we classify according to structure and function

A

What is muscle tissue?

47
Q

This is the muscle tissue that is classified as being either smooth or striated

A

What is muscle structure?

48
Q

This muscle tissue classification is considered either voluntary or involuntary

A

What is muscle function?

49
Q

Three types of this tissue are skeletal, cardiac and visceral

A

What is muscle tissue?

50
Q

This type of muscle tissue is striated involuntary and is attached to the bones of the skeleton

A

What is skeletal muscle tissue?

51
Q

This type of muscle tissue is striated and involuntary and forms the wall of the heart

A

What is cardiac muscle tissue?

52
Q

This type of muscle tissue is smooth non-striated involuntary and are located on the walls of hollow internal structures, such as blood vessels airways to the lungs, stomach, intestines, gallbladder, and urinary bladder

A

What is visceral muscle tissue?
(Post have viscera bags)
Visceral = organs

53
Q

This type of tissue initiates and transmits nerve impulses, and coordinates body activities

A

What is nervous tissue?

54
Q

This is composed of two or more tissues, arrange to perform a specific function…

A

What are organs?

55
Q

This is defined as an association of tissues, that work together to perform a common function

A

What are organs?

56
Q

Otherwise known as independent body parts examples of this include the heart stomach liver, pancreas lungs, brain, intestines, all bladder and kidneys

A

What are organs?

57
Q

And association of organs that have a common function…

A

What are systems?

58
Q

Examples of this include digestive, nervous, reproductive, circulatory, urinary, skeletal and lymphatic

A

What are systems?

59
Q

These are thin sheets of flexible tissue that covers and lines part of the body

A

What are membranes?

60
Q

These thin sheets of flexible tissue that cover or line part of the body also contain epithelial and connective tissue, or sometimes just connective tissue

A

What are membranes?

61
Q

3 types of this include mucous, Serous and synovial

A

What are membranes?

62
Q

This type of membrane lines, a cavity which leads to the outside and also lines the entire respiratory reproductive in much of the urinary system

A

What is the mucous membrane a.k.a. mucosa

63
Q

This membrane lines a cavity to the outside and acts as a barrier against microbes and other pathogens

A

What is the mucous membrane a.k.a. mucosa 

64
Q

Name the three types of membranes

A

 Mucous, serous and synovial

65
Q

This membrane lines the cavity of freely movable joints, and secrete synovial fluid which lubricates the cartilage that covers bone

A

What is synovial membrane?

66
Q

This membrane lines, a body cavity that does not open to the outside and covers organs and secretes serous fluid

A

What is serous membrane a.k.a. Serosa

67
Q

This membranes lubricating fluid allows organs to glide easily over each other

A

 What is serous membrane /serosa

68
Q

What are the three types of serous membranes?

A

What is pleura pericardium and peritoneum membrane

69
Q

This serous membrane, lines the thoracic cavity, and covers the lungs.

A

What is the plural cavity?

70
Q

Within the pleura, What is the name of the layer that covers the lungs?

A

What is the visceral pleura?

71
Q

Within the pleura, What is the name of the layer that is attached to the cavity wall?

A

What is the parietal pleura?

72
Q

Within the pleura, what is the name of the space between the visceral pleura, and the parietal pleura?

A

What is the pleura cavity?

73
Q

The pleural cavity is filled with what fluid?

A

What is pleural fluid

74
Q

Serous membrane lining the heart cavity, and covers the heart

A

What is a pericardium?

75
Q

What is the name of the layer that covers the heart?

A

Visceral, pericardium, a.k.a. epicardium

76
Q

What is the name of the layer that is attached to the cavity wall?

A

Parietal pericardium

77
Q

What is the name of the space between the visceral pericardium in the parietal pericardium?

A

Pericardial cavity

78
Q

What fluid is a pericardial cavity filled with?

A

Pericardial fluid

79
Q

This serous membrane lines, the abdominal and part of the pelvic cavity covers the abdominal organs and some of the pelvic organS

A

What is the peritoneum?

80
Q

What is the name of the layer that covers the organs in the abdominal cavity and some of the pelvic cavity?

A

What is a visceral peritoneum?

81
Q

What is the name of the layer that is attached to the cavity wall and lines the wall of the abdominopelvic cavity?

A

What is the parietal peritoneum?

82
Q

What is the name of the slim space between the visceral peritoneum in the parietal peritoneum?

A

What is the peritoneal cavity?

83
Q

What is the peritoneal cavity filled with?

A

Peritoneal fluid

84
Q

This type of dense, connective tissue, connects muscle to bone

A

What is tendon?

85
Q

This type of dense, connective tissue, connects bone to bone

A

What are ligaments

86
Q

This type of dense connective tissue, connects muscle to muscle or muscle to bone (like the top of the head)

A

What is aponeurosis tissue

87
Q

This type of dense connective tissue covers the bone

A

What is Periosteum?

88
Q

This type of dense connective tissue covers the cartilage

A

What is perichondrium?

89
Q

This type of dense connective, tissue covers muscles and other organs

A

What is fascia tissue?

Anatomy 1 (12 decks)

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