Cells, tissue and organs

Question 1

Identify membrane-bound organelles w/in cells & their roles (8)

Answer 1

• Plasma memb: separate cell from enviro; enclose contents; Communication; metabolic processes
• R endoplasmic ret: synthesise & modify protein
• S ER: lipid, steroid, carbo. synthesis; detox harmful substances; breakdown gly -> glu
• Endosomes: vesicles - transport contents from outside cell
• Lysosomes: vesicle contain enzymes - digest molecules not needed
• Transport vesicles: move contents w/in cell
• Golgi app: modify, package & DISTRIBUTE proteins & lipids made in R ER
• Mitochon: provide ATP (energy)

Question 2

Identify membrane-bound organelles w/in cells & their roles (4)

Answer 2

• MIcrotubules: Support & provide shape for cell; transport for organelles
• Ribosomes: site of protein synthesis
• Filaments: Support cell
• Centrioles: for cell division

Question 3

Outline differences observed b/w layered/tubular and solid organ

Answer 3

• Tube: 3 layers w/ diff function, lumen, majority

- Solid: Solid, cells in CT framework, (features= stroma+parynchyma)

Question 4

name 4 tiss. & describe their functions

Answer 4

• epithelium: Barrier; secretion/adsorption
• CT: Support
• Muscle tissue: voluntary & involuntary movements
• nerve tissue: Control functional activities

Question 5

Describe the layers of tubular organs (3)

Answer 5

• Inner: next to lumen (epith. + underlying loose CT)
• Middle: thickest (muscle)
• Outer: cavity (CT fibrous protective layer + thin, flat epith.)

Question 6

List and describe inner & outer surface membranes

Answer 6

• Cutaneous: dry abrasive protection layer e.g. skin
• Mucous: Moist membrane lubricated by secretions e.g. lung, GIT
• Serous: Mesothelial lining of body cavity e.g pleural, pericardial, peritoneal
• Vascular: Endothelial lining of BV & <3
• Serosa / adventitia: lines organs in peritoneum / retroperitoneum

Question 7

2 main features of compact organs

Answer 7

Stroma (CT framework), Parynchyma (cells)

Question 8

4 Characteristics of stroma

Answer 8

• Capsule (adventitia)
• Hilus
• Trabecula/septa
• Reticular framework

Question 9

State which NS these nerve cells can be found: astrocyte, microglia, Schwann cells & neuron

Answer 9

CNS: astrocyte, microglia
PNS: Schwann cells
Both: Neuron