cells paper 1 Flashcards
function of nucleus
what does it contain
contains genetic material
controls the activity of cell
mitochondria
aerobic respiration takes place
cytoplasm
gel-like substance where most of the chemical reactions happen
cell membrane
hold together cell
controls what goes in and out of a cell
ribosomes
protein synthesis
what is the plant cell wall made up of
cellulose
what does the permanent vacuole contain
cell sap
chloroplasts
where photosynthesis occurs
contain chlorophyll
differences between bacteria and plant cells
bacteria have both a cell membrane and a cell wall
plants have a membrane-bound nucleus while bacteria cells have a single circular strand of DNA
plasmids
small rings of DNA
Magnification formular
I=A x M (image size=actual size x magnification)
what is differentiation
process by which a cell changes to become specialised for its job
undifferentiated cells are called
stem cells
sperm cells are specialized for?
reproduction
features of a sperm cell
streamlined head and long tail to help swim to the egg
lots of mitochondria to provide the energy needed
the function of nerve cells
carry electrical signals from one part of the body to another
features of a nerve cell
cells are long to cover more distance
branched connections at their ends to connect to other nerve cells (this is to form a network around the body)
specialisation of muscle cells
the function of the muscle cell is to contract quickly
cells are long (so they have space to contract)
contain lots of mitochondria
3 main causes of variation
alleles
enviromental factors
genetic factos
(c) Name the cells in a leaf that control the rate of water loss.
guard cells
Which scientific term describes this movement of water?
transpiration stream
