Cells + organelles Flashcards
Chloroplast
The site of photosynthesis, contains chlorophyll to trap sunlight
Cell wall
An organelle of a plant cell which is made from cellulose, helps the cell retain its shape
Vacuole
A permanent structure in plants that is filled with a fluid to provide support
Differentiation
The process by which cells become increasingly specialised so can carry out different functions
Specialised
A cell which has differentiated to have a more specific function
Sperm
The male gamete that forms a zygote after fertilisation with an ovum
Ovum
The female gamete that forms a zygote after fertilisation
Zygote
The first cell formed after fertilisation. Capable of forming any cell in the developing organism
What do mitochondria do
They are the site for aerobic respiration- produce ATP from glucose and oxygen- produces 36 ATP per glucose molecule
What does a cell membrane do
It is the partially permeable outer layer of a cell that determines what can enter and leave the cell
What are ribosomes responsible for
Protein synthesis- where translation happens in protein synthesis
What does a nucleus do
Contains DNA (tightly folded into chromosomes) providing the cell with information through coding for proteins. Where transcription happens during protein synthesis.
What does cytoplasm do
The site of chemical reactions as it contains many enzymes
