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Immunology > Cells of the immune system > Flashcards

Cells of the immune system Flashcards

1
Q

Three major classifications of lymphocytes

A

B cells, T cells, natural killer (NK) cells

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2
Q

Precursors of all lymphocytes originate where?

A

Bone marrow

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3
Q

Where do B cells mature?

A

Bone marrow

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4
Q

Where do T cells mature?

A

Thymus

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5
Q

Which are the main functional cells of the lymphatic or immune system?

A

Lymphocytes

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6
Q

T cells: humoral or cell-mediated immunity?

A

Cellular immunity

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7
Q

B cells: humoral or cell-mediated immunity?

A

Humoral immunity

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8
Q

Lymphocyte that produces circulating antibodies

A

Plasma cells

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9
Q

Which organ will take over in case of a bone marrow dysfunction?

a. Lungs
b. Kidney
c. Spleen
d. Yolk

A

c

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10
Q

A viral infection will lead to a rise in what type of cell?

a. Eosinophil
b. Monocyte
c. Neutrophil
d. Lymphocyte

A

d

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11
Q

Which characterizes a the red blood cell of an anemic patient?

a. hypochromic and microcytic
b. hypochromic and macrocytic
c. hyperchromic and microcytic
d. hyperchromic and macrocytic

A

a

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12
Q

The two common blood lines in the normal bone marrow?

a. Erythropoiesis and megakaryopoiesis
b. Erythropoiesis and granulopoiesis
c. Megakaryopoiesis and granulopoiesis
d. Megakaryopoiesis alone

A

b

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13
Q

The following characterizes a platelet?

a. biconvex shape
b. composed of middle hyalomere and peripheral granulomere
c. central microtubule ring

A

a

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14
Q

Which does not characterize changes that happen during erythropoiesis?

a. formation of granules?
b. gradual loss of ribosomes
c. decrease in size
d. cytoplasm becomes eosinophilic

A

a

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15
Q

Which of the following is not granule forming?

a. red blood cell
b. neutrophil
c. lymphocyte
d. eosinophil

A

a

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16
Q

Which of the following is not stored in blood banks?

a. RBC
b. WBC
c. Platelet
d. Plasma

A

b

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17
Q

Which of the following has the greatest proportion in blood?

a. RBC
b. WBC
c. Platelet
d. cybersex

A

a

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18
Q

Which ABO blood type contains the most antibodies in the plasma?

a. A
b. B
c. AB
d. O

A

d

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19
Q

Which site is most accessible to perform bone marrow biopsy in an adult?

a. Skull
b. Distal humerus
c. Ribs
d. Pelvis

A

d

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20
Q

Antibodies on the B-lymphocyte

A

IgM, IgD

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21
Q

Type of MHC in B-lymphocytes

A

Type II

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22
Q

When a B-lymphocyte is activated, which type of cells does it become?

A

Memory cells and effector cells (plasma cells)

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23
Q

Two ways of activating the B-lymphocyte

A

By the binding of an antigen, and by T-helper cells activation

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24
Q

Lymphocyte with CD4+ marker

A

T helper cells

25
Q

Lymphocyte with CD8+ marker

A

T cytotoxic cells

26
Q

Two types of T lymphocytes

A

T-helper and T-cytotoxic cells

27
Q

Which lymphocyte secretes cytokines?

A

T-helper cells

28
Q

MHC II is recognized by which lymphocyte?

A

T-helper cells

29
Q

MHC I is recognized by which lymphocyte?

A

T-cytotoxic cells

30
Q

Which lymphocyte activates B-cells?

A

Helper T cells

31
Q

Which is TRUE of the neutrophil?

A. Large storage pool in both the peripheral blood and bone marrow
B. Decreased in parasitic infestations
C. Phagocytosis of senescent organelles
D. Principal cell in the cell-mediated immune response

A

A

32
Q

Which is NOT a phagocytic cell?

A. Macrophage
B. Neutrophil
C. Eosinophil
D. Basophil

A

D

33
Q

Which is the longest-lived blood cell?

A. RBC
B. Monocyte
C. Basophil
D. Lymphocyte

A

D

34
Q

Which is a normal differential WBC count?

A. N=30%; L=60%; M=5%, E=2%, B=0.5%
B. N=60%: L=30%; M=0.5%; E=2%; B=5%
C. N=30%; L=60%; M=5%; E=0.5%, B=2%
D. N=60%; L=30%; M=5%, E=2%, B=0.5%

A

D

35
Q

What does an increased reticulocyte count mean?

A. Incubating bacterial infection
B. Recovery from anemia
C. Bone marrow failure
D. Chronic renal failure

A

B

36
Q

Which bone marrow cells are capable of mitosis, but NOT self-renewal?

A. Pluripotential stem cells
B. Progenitor cells
C. Precursor cells
D. Mature cells

A

C

37
Q

Why are the pluripotential stem cells in the bone marrow spared by anti-proliferative chemotherapeutic drugs?

A. Very few in number
B. Low mitotic activity
C. Self-renewing
D. Being undifferentiated

A

B

38
Q

Which blood cell lineage does NOT form cytoplasmic granules?

A. Erythropoeisis
B. Granulopoeisis
C. Megakaryopoeisis
D. Monopoeisis

A

A

39
Q

Which may benefit a patient with chronic renal failure?

A. Monocyte colony stimulating factor (M-CSF)
B. Erythropoietin
C. Interleukin-3 (IL-3)
D. Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-
CSF)

A

B

40
Q

Which CORRECTLY describes the composition of blood, by volume?

A. RBC > plasma > WBC
B. Plasma > RBC > WBC
C. Plasma > WBC > RBC
D. RBC > WBC > plasma

A

B

41
Q

Which serves as a bridge that anchors the cytoskeleton to the RBC membrane giving it flexibility and resilience?

A. Spectrin
B. Actin
C. Ankyrin
D. Rh protein

A

C

42
Q

Which is the reason why Type O is considered the universal donor for packed RBC transfusions?

A. It does not have A nor B antigens.
B. It does not have anti-A nor anti-B antibodies.
C. It has both anti-A and anti-B antibodies.
D. It has both A and B antigens.

A

A

43
Q

Which condition may give rise to a macrocytic type of anemia?

A. Iron-deficiency
B. Sickle cell disease
C. Vitamin B12 deficiency
D. Hereditary spherocytosis

A

C

44
Q

Which is the last nucleated cell in the erythropoeitic line?

A. Orthochromatophilic erythroblast
B. Basophilic erythroblast
C. Proerythroblast
D. Polychromatophilic erythroblast

A

A

45
Q

Which blood component is NOT used as a therapeutic product?

A. Platelets
B. Plasma clotting factors
C. Plasma immunoglobulins
D. White blood cells

A

D

46
Q

Which is elevated in the peripheral blood of a patient with allergy?

A. Basophil
B. Mast cell
C. Eosinophil
D. Neutrophil

A

C

47
Q

Which cell gives rise to all blood cells?

A

Hemopoetic stem cell or Pluripotent stem cell

48
Q

The hemopoetic stem cell gives rise to these two cell lineages

A

Myeloid line and Lymphoid line

49
Q

Which RBC precursor is the first recognizable though not easily identifiable in slides?

A

Proerythroblast

50
Q

RBC precursor with checkered board pattern in the nucleus

A

Polychromatiphilic erythroblast

51
Q

First RBC precursor no longer capable of mitosis

A

Orthochromatophilic erythroblast (normoblast)

52
Q

RBC precursor without a nucleus

A

Polychromatophilic erythrocyte (reticulocyte)

53
Q

Immediate precursor of platelets

A

Megakaryocytes

54
Q

First distinguishable precursor of granulocytes

A

Myeloblast

55
Q

Precursor of granulocytes in which specific granules begin to appear

A

Myelocyte

56
Q

Granulocyte precursor where eosinophils, basophils and neutrophils begin to be distinguishable

A

Metamyelocyte

57
Q

Granulocytes

A

Eosinophil, basophil, neutrophil

58
Q

Agranulocyte

A

Monocyte, Lymphocytes

Immunology (4 decks)

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