Cells and Tissues Lab Quiz

Question 1

What does transcription start with?

Answer 1

DNA

Question 2

What is DNA made of and what is its structure?

Answer 2

4 nucleotides: adenine-thymine ; guanine-cytosine

double stranded helix

Question 3

What do transcription factors do?

Answer 3

Bind and control transcription (+ or -)

Question 4

What does RNA polymerase do?

Answer 4

Elongates and produces RNA transcript

Question 5

Where does RNA polymerase start and end?

Answer 5

• Starts at promoter

- Ends at terminator

Question 6

What does transcription end with?

Answer 6

Ends with mRNA

Question 7

What is mRNA?

Answer 7

• Reverse compliment of DNA

- Thymine is now uracil

Question 8

What does translation start with?

Answer 8

mRNA

Question 9

What does the mRNA attach to in the beginning of translation?

Answer 9

attached to ribosome

Question 10

What does tRNA do and what is its structure?

Answer 10

• transports specific amino acids

- 3 base anticodon that is the reverse compliment of mRNA

Question 11

What are amino acids? How many kinds are there?

Answer 11

• Building blocks of proteins

- 20 kinds

Question 12

What does a ribosome do?

Answer 12

• couples tRNA to mRNA

- incorporates AA into a polypeptide chain

Question 13

What is a ribosome composed of?

Answer 13

Composed of proteins and mRNA

Question 14

What does rNASE do?

Answer 14

• degrades mRNA

- down regulates expression of a gene

Question 15

What does translation end with?

Answer 15

Ends with a polypeptide

Question 16

What is needed for activation of a polypeptide?

Answer 16

Post-translational modification needed for activation

Question 17

What is the order of the cell cycle?

Answer 17

1. Interphase
2. Prophase
3. Metaphase
4. Anaphase
5. Telophase
6. Cytokinesis

Question 18

What happens in interphase?

Answer 18

The chromosomes are extended and in use during the G1, S, and G2 phases.

Question 19

What happens in prophase?

Answer 19

The chromosomes condense, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and the spindle forms

Question 20

What happens in metaphase?

Answer 20

The chromosomes line up on the central plane of the cell

Question 21

What happens in anaphase?

Answer 21

The centromeres divide, and the chromotids move toward opposite poles

Question 22

What happens in telophase?

Answer 22

The chromosomes uncoil, and a new nuclear envelope forms. The spindle fibers disappear.

Question 23

What happens in cytokinesis?

Answer 23

The cytoplasm of the cell is cleaved in half.

Question 24

What is good acronym to remember cell cycle?

Answer 24

IPMAT

I Prefer Milk And Tea

Question 25

What does connective tissue do?

Answer 25

Support, connects, and separates

Question 26

What does epithelial tissue do?

Answer 26

Protection, secretion, absorption, and filtration

Question 27

What does muscle tissue do?

Answer 27

Contraction

Question 28

What does nervous tissue do?

Answer 28

Communication.

Recieve stimuli & conduct impulses

Question 29

Inter-

Answer 29

between

Question 30

Trans-

Answer 30

across, through

Question 31

Dys-

Answer 31

bad, painful, difficult

Question 32

sub-

Answer 32

under, below

Question 33

para-

Answer 33

along the side, beside, near

Question 34

-emesis

Answer 34

vomiting

Question 35

-megaly

Answer 35

enlargement

Question 36

-penia

Answer 36

deficiency

Question 37

-trophy

Answer 37

development, growth, nourishment (cell size_

Question 38

-plasia

Answer 38

development, growth, nourishment (cell number)