Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MD2001 Week 1 > Cells and Organelles 1 > Flashcards

Cells and Organelles 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the plasma membrane?

A

Encloses the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the two different types of cells?

A

Eukaryotes

Prokaryotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe prokaryotic cells

A

They are bacteria

All processes in cytosol, no internal membranes, nucleus absent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What three categories can eukaryotes organelles be sorted into?

A

Protein expression

Secretion pathway

Uptake and degradation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How is DNA packaged in prokaryotes?

A

In a nucleoid

No nuclear envelope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How is DNA packaged in eukaryotes?

A

Double membrane- nuclear envelope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How does mRNA in eukaryotes pass from the nucleus through the nuclear envelope?

A

Via nuclear pores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where is mRNA decoded and proteins made on?

A

Specialised factories called ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is DNA packaged as?

A

With histones to form chromatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the two forms of chromatin?

A

Euchromatin and heterochromatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the difference between euchromatin and heterochromatin?

A

Most active genes found in euchromatin

Heterochromatin is more dense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of ribosomes?

A

Decode mRNA message and convert it to linear polypeptides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where are ribosomes made?

A

In the nucleolus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What two things can happen when a ribosome begins protein synthesis?

A

Can begin protein synthesis in the cytosol

Recognise a signalling gene moving the mRNA and ribosome to the ER where it binds to be apart of the RER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the function of the RER?

A

Main site of membrane synthesis in the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the main pathway of secretion?

A

RER to Golgi to Secretion/plasma membrane

17
Q

What is the function of the Golgi?

A

Modifies lipids/proteins- grows sugar chains on proteins/adds phosphate to some proteins

Sorts and packages cargo into distinct vesicles for export to other organelles

18
Q

What carries the cargo from the RER to the Golgi?

A

Vesicles

19
Q

What are the functions of the RER?

A

Site of membrane synthesis

Modifies proteins- adds sugar chains

Quality control- monitors correct folding

Signals stress- when secretion is blocked

20
Q

What is the structure of the Golgi?

A

Golgi complex is made of stacks of flattened sacs

21
Q

What process is used to secrete proteins outside the cell?

A

Exocytosis

MD2001 Week 1 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions