Cells and Microbes Flashcards
Biology
What does MRS GREN stand for
Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition
Movement
Changing your position in response to your surroundings (i.e to escape from danger)
Respiration
Releasing energy from stored chemicals- we need this energy to survive and to carry out other essential needs (Respiration is NOT breathing, though breathing in oxygen is needed for respiration)
Sensitivity
Detect information about our surroundings using the five senses (touch, taste, sight, smell and hear) so our bodies can act accordingly
Growth
Our bodies develop , growing larger and stronger to survive. Animals usually stop growing at one point but plants can go on forever.
Reproduction
Ability to create offspring to replace those who died
Excretion
Removing waste products from the body
Nutrition
Feeding on food to gain energy needed for processes and nutrients needed for good health
What are all living cells made up of?
Microscopic cells
Tissue
A number of identical cells working together
What are a number/group of tissues called?
An organ
What are a number of organs working together called?
Organ systems
Nucleus
Contains DNA , controls cell’s function
Mitochrondrion
Respiration takes place, releasing energy
Cell membrane
Controls the exit and entering of substances
Cytoplasm
Gel-like substance, most chemical reactions happen here
Chloroplast
(PLANT) Contains chlorophyll, traps light required for photosynthesis
Vacuole
(PLANT) Contains a solution of water, sugars and salts
Cell wall
(PLANT) Made of cellulose, provides support and structure to the cell
Flagella
Some bacteria have it, small hairs, helps them move and reproduce quickly
Are bacteria single-celled or multi-cellular?
Single-celled
Specialised Cells
Cells that have different features or shapes to perform a specific function effectively
Ciliated cell
Found in the respiratory tract, clears harmful material (mucus + hair) , moves mucus by using cilia (small hairs)
Red Blood Cell
Found in the blood, carried oxygen and carbon dioxide, lacks nucleus
White Blood Cell
Found in the blood and lymph tissue, fights infection, very flexible
Sperm cell
Found in the seminiferous tubules within each testicle, fertilise egg cells, uses tail and flagella (tiny hairs) to move/swim
Egg cell (Ovum)
Found in the fallopian tube and ovaries, creates new individuals
Palisade cell
(PLANT) Found in the leaf, photosynthesis, contains majority of the chloroplasts
Guard cell
(PLANT)Found in the leaf epidermis , regulated the rate of transpiration by opening and closing the stomata, swells and loses water
Root Hair cell
Found in the roots, absorbs the water from the soil, large surface area absorbs minerals
What is a petri dish coated with?
Agar
What is agar?
It’s a gel-like substance, that contains nutrients to help microbes to grow
What does the lid on the petri dish prevent?
Unwanted microbes landing on the agar and contaminating the culture
Where will the plate be stored in?
Incubator (at a constant temp. for the microbe’s reproduction)
What do the microbes need to form a colony?
Food, oxygen and warmth
