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B1 topic 1: Key concepts > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

1
Q

What is a eukaryotic cell?

A

A cell with a nucleus- e.g. animal or plant

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2
Q

What is a prokaryotic cell?

A

A cell without a nucleus e.g. bacteria

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3
Q

Which organelles are found in both animal and plant cells?

A

nucleus, cell membrane, mitochondria, ribosome

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4
Q

Which organelles are only found in a plant cell?

A

Cell wall, chloroplasts, vacuole

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5
Q

What is the purpose of a nucleus?

A

Stores DNA

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6
Q

What is the purpose of a ribosome?

A

Protein synthesis

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7
Q

What is the purpose of cell membrane?

A

Controls what enters and leaves a cell

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8
Q

What is the purpose of a mitochondria?

A

Where respiration takes place to provide energy for the cell

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9
Q

What is the purpose of a cell wall?

A

Helps the cell to keep its shape

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10
Q

What is the purpose of a chloroplast?

A

Where photosynthesis takes place to produce glucose

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11
Q

What is the purpose of a vacuole?

A

Stores nutrients for the cell

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12
Q

What are the two types of DNA in a bacterial cell called?

A

Chromosomal DNA and plasmid DNA

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13
Q

What is the purpose of a flagellum in a bacterial cell?

A

For movement

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14
Q

Which organelles are in an animal cell but not a bacterial cell?

A

nucleus and mitochondria

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15
Q

Why does a sperm cell have an acrosome?

A

The acrosome contains enzymes which digest the outside of an egg cell for fertilization

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16
Q

Sperm and egg cells are haploid. What does this mean?

A

They have half the amount of DNA as a body cell. When they combine in fertilization, the offspring has the correct number of chromosomes.

17
Q

Why do sperm cells need lots of mitochondria?

A

mitochondria produce energy and sperm cells need energy to move towards the egg cell

18
Q

What happens to the cell membrane of an egg cell after fertilization? Why is this important?

A

the membrane hardens. This means no more sperm can enter so the offspring have the correct number of chromosomes

19
Q

Where in the body are ciliated epithelial cells found?

A

in the trachea/bronchi (windpipe) and the oviduct

20
Q

What do cilia on ciliated epithelial cells do?

A

the beat to waft (move) items along.

21
Q

What is the purpose of the ciliated epithelial cells in the trachea and bronchi?

A

The cilia beat to waft trapped pathogens or dirt particles out of the windpipe and to the back of the throat to be swallowed

22
Q

What is the purpose of the ciliated epithelial cells in the oviduct?

A

The cilia beat to move an egg along the oviduct

B1 topic 1: Key concepts (4 decks)

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