Cells Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Microscope

A

An instrument for viewing small objects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cells

A

The smallest unit of life. Cells are the building blocks of living things

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Light microscopes

A

Instrument for viewing very small objects. A light microscope can magnify things up to 1500 times.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Electron microscopes

A

Instrument for viewing very small objects. An electron microscope is much more powerful than a light microscope and it can magnify up to a million times.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Monocular

A

Describes a microscope through which the specimen is seen using one eye only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Binocular

A

A microscope with two eyepieces, so you use both eyes to look at the object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Stereo

A

Describes a microscope through which the specimen is viewed using both eyes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Magnification

A

The number of times the image of an object has been enlarged using a lens or lens system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cell membrane

A

Structure that encloses the contents of a cell and allows the movement of some materials in and out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Ribosomes

A

Small structures within a cell in which proteins such as enzymes are made

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cytosol

A

The fluid found inside cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cytoplasm

A

A material inside a cell, It contains many organelles such as the nucleus and vacuoles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Chloroplasts

A

They are the ‘factories’ in which carbon dioxide and water are changed by sunlight and water into food by the process of photosynthesis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Mitochondria

A

They supply energy to other parts of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Nucleus

A

Roundish structure inside a cell that acts as the control center for the cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Chromosomes

A

Tiny, thread-like structure inside the nucleus of a cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Deoxyribonucleic acid

A

The chemical substance found in all living things that encodes the genetic information of an organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Mitosis

A

Cell division process that results in new cells with the same number of chromosomes as the original cell

19
Q

Clones

A

Identical copy

20
Q

Cytokinesis

A

The process where the cytoplasm of a cell divides to form two daughter cells

21
Q

Infectious diseases

A

Disease that can be transferred from one organism to another

22
Q

Non-infectious diseases

A

Disease that cannot be transferred from one organism to another

23
Q

Antibiotics

A

Substance derived from a micro-organism and used to kill bacteria in the body

24
Q

Disinfectants

A

Chemical used to kill bacteria on surfaces and non-living objects

25
Q

Antiseptics

A

Mild disinfectant used on body tissue to kill microbes

26
Q

Bactericidal

A

Describes an antiseptic that kills bacteria

27
Q

Bacteriostatic

A

Describes an antiseptic that stops bacteria from growing or dividing but doesn’t kill them

28
Q

Epidermal Cells

A

It forms a boundary between the plant and the external environment. It is covered with a waxy coating called photosynthesis

29
Q

Root Hair Cells

A

They collect water and mineral nutrients. The cell having a large surface area to collect more water or food.

30
Q

Palisade mesophyll Cells

A

They are tall and closely packed to absorb maximum light. Most photosynthesis take place in the palisade cell.

31
Q

Phloem

A

Type of tissue that transports sugars made in the leaves to other parts of a plant

32
Q

Translocation

A

Transport of materials, such as water and glucose, in plants

33
Q

Xylem vessels

A

pipelines for the flow of water up plants. They are made up of the remains of dead xylem cells fitted end to end with the joining walls broken down.

34
Q

Lignin

A

A hard substance in the walls of dead xylem cells that make up the tubes carrying water up plant stems

35
Q

Stomata

A

Small openings mainly on the lower surface of leaves. These pores are opened and closed by guard cells

36
Q

Transpiration steam

A

Movement of water through a plant as a result of loss of water from the leaves

37
Q

Vascular bundles

A

Groups of xylem and phloem vessels within plant stems

38
Q

Transpiration

A

Loss of water from plant leaves through their stomata

39
Q

Guard cells

A

Cells on either side of a stoma that work together to control the opening and closing of the stoma

40
Q

Wilt

A

Plant stems and leaves wilt when there is insufficient water in their cells.

41
Q

Vacuoles

A

Sacs within a cell used to store food and wastes. Plant cells usually have one large vacuole

42
Q

Flaccid

A

Describes cells that are not firm due to loss of water

43
Q

Turgid

A

Describes something that is firm