cells Flashcards
cells
building blocks that make up tissues, organs, organ systems and organisms.
Prokaryotes
Simple cells which do not contain a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.
Eukaryotes
Complex cells which contain a nucleus (containing the organisms genetic material) and other membrane-bound organelles which each have specific functions.
Unicellular organisms
An organism that consists of only one cell.
This means all life processes, such as reproduction, feeding, digestion, and excretion, occur in one cell
Multicellular organisms
Organisms that consist of more than one cell.
Multicellular organisms vary in complexity and cells become specialised to perform particular functions.
organelles
“Organ-like” structures found within a eukaryotic cells.
Each one has a specific role within the cell.
. cytoplasm
Liquid part of cell.
Location for cellular chemical reactions.
Organelles also found here.
Lysosome
Digestive system” of the cell.
Digests worn out organelles and hazardous chemicals
ribosomes
Protein producing factories of cell
Make hormones, enzymes, etc. used by cells and body
Can be found attached to rough endoplasmic reticulum or floating in the cytoplasm
golgi body
Post office” of cell
Package proteins, enzymes, toxins, etc and send them out of the cell via the cell membrane.
mitochondria
Powerhouse” of cell
Use aerobic cellular respiration to make ATP energy for cell use
Found in greater numbers in animal cells.
nucleus
Control center of cell.
Contains cell’s genetic material (DNA).
Cell membrane
‘Border control’ of cell.
Controls what goes into or out of cell.
Keeps cytoplasm and organelles within cell.
Vacuole
Mainly found in plant cells, however animal cells may contain small vacuoles.
Contain water for cell shape.
