Cells Flashcards
Identify and state the function of the parts of a cell
What is meant by Cytology?
The study of cells
Define a cell
It is the smallest unit of life.
What are the three main parts of a cell?
The Cell Membrane
The Cytoplasm
The Nucleus
Define Cell Membrane
The outer membrane of a cell.
Give another name for Cell Membrane
Plasma Membrane
State the functions of the cell membrane
- It separates the material outside the cell from the material inside the cell.
- It will decide what enters and exits the cell.
- Gives it’s structure.
What is found in the cell membrane?
Phospholipids
Steroids
Proteins
Carbohydrates
What is the function of the proteins found in the cell membrane?
- Provides structural support
- Acts as receptor sites
- Forms channels for the passage of materials.
Define Nucleus
It is the control center of the cell and contains the genetic material of the cell.
What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?
- Control and regulate the activities of the cell.
- Forms Ribosomes.
Define Cytoplasm
The fluid inside a cell but outside the cell’s nucleus.
What are the functions of the Cytoplasm?
- It provides a platform upon which other organelles can operate within the cell.
- All of the functions for cell expansion, growth and replication are carried out in the cytoplasm of a cell.
Cytoplasmic Organelles are…
The little organs found in a cell’s cytoplasm.
Give examples of cytoplasmic organelles.
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Lysosomes.
What is the function of a Mitochondria?
Produces energy for the cell through cellular respiration.
What is the function of a Ribosome?
This structure found inside cells is involved linking amino acids to make proteins.
What is the function of an Endoplasmic Reticulum?
Proteins and other molecules move through the endoplasmic reticulum.
There are two types of Endoplasmic Reticulum. What are they?
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
What is the function of a Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum?
The rough endoplasmic reticulum has many ribosomes on its outer surface and makes proteins the cell needs.
What is the function of a Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum?
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum makes other substances that the cell needs, such as lipids (fats) and carbohydrates (sugars).
What is the function of a Golgi Apparatus?
The Golgi apparatus prepares proteins and lipid (fat) molecules for use in other places inside and outside the cell.
What is the function of a Lysosome?
It has enzymes that can break down cellular components that need to be destroyed.
