Basics of the Human Body Flashcards
Define Anatomy
The study of internal and external body structures and their physical relationship with other body parts
Define Physiology
The study of the functions, or workings of the human body.
What are the two types of Anatomy?
Gross Anatomy
Microscopic Anatomy
Define Gross Anatomy
Body structures that are easily visible and does not require a microscope to be seen.
Define Microscopic Anatomy
Body structures that are too small to be seen to the naked eye.
What is the Anatomical Position?
Standing upright, facing forward with the palms facing forward and arms placed beside the body.
What is meant by Anterior or Ventral?
Towards or at the front of the body.
What is meant by Posterior or Dorsal?
Towards or at the back of the body.
What is meant by Superior?
Toward the head or upper part of the body.
What is meant by Inferior?
Toward the legs or lower part of the body.
What is meant by Medial?
Towards or at the mid line of the body.
What is meant by Lateral?
Away from the medial.
How do you say a body structure is closer to the body trunk?
Proximal
How do you say a body structure is further from the body trunk?
Distal
If a person is lying down with the face placed downwards, what position are they in?
Prone
If a person is lying down facing upwards, what position are they in?
Supine
A vertical plane that divides the body into right and left, it’s called…
Saggital Plane
A vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior, it’s called…
Frontal Plane/ Coronal Plane
A horizontal plane that divides the body into superior and inferior parts is called…
Transverse Plane
What is Cytology?
The study of cells
Define a cell.
The simplest unit of life.
Define a tissue
Group of specialized cells that work together to perform a specific function.
What are the different levels of organization in order?
- Chemical Level
- Cellular Level
- Tissue Level
- Organ Level
- Organ System Level
- Organismal Level
What happens in the Chemical Level of the levels of organization?
Atoms bond to form molecules.
What happens in the Cellular Level of the levels of organization?
A variety of molecules combine to form the fluid and organelles of a cell body.
What happens in the Tissue Level of the levels of organization?
A community of the same type of cells form tissues
What happens in the Organ Level of the levels of organization?
Two or more different tissues join to form an organ.
What happens in the Organ System Level of the levels of organization?
Two or more organs work closely to perform a set of tasks.
What happens in the Organismal Level of the levels of organization?
Many organ systems work together to perform functions of an independent individual.
