Cells Flashcards
____ are highly varied and highly organized structures.
Cells
Bone, blood, nerve and muscle cells are called ____.
Somatic cells (body cells)
TRUE OR FALSE.
Somatic cells have one copy of the genome and are said to be haploid.
False
They are diploid (two copies of the genome)
TRUE OR FALSE.
Sperm and egg cells have two copies of the genome and are said to be diploid.
False
They are haploid (one copy of the genome)
____ lack nucleus and organelles.
Prokaryotes
____ are nucleated and have organelles.
Eukaryotes
2 Groups of Prokaryotes
- Eubacteria
- Archaea
The chemical constituents of cells are ____.
- Carbohydrates
- Lipids
- Proteins
- Nucleic acids
____ provide energy.
Carbohydrates
____ provide insulation and store energy.
Lipids
____ are important in blood clotting, nerve transmission, muscle contraction, and immunity, while other serve as catalysts.
Proteins
____ are most important in genetics.
Nucleic acids
All cells are surrounded by a ____, a covering that defines cell boundary.
Plasma membrane
The ____ actively controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell.
Plasma membrane
Most animal cells have ____.
Glycocalyx (cell coat)
Glycocalyx contains ____ and ____.
glycoproteins and polysaccharides
The ____ provides biochemical identity at the surface of cells.
Glycocalyx (cell coat)
____ act as recognition site that transfer specific chemical signals across the cell membrane into the cell.
Receptor molecules
The ____ is a membrane bound structure that houses the DNA.
Nucleus
During the non-divisional phases of the cell cycle, the fibers are uncoiled and dispersed into ____.
chromatin
During mitosis and meiosis, chromatin fibers coil and condense into ____.
chromatids (half of chromosome)
The ____ is where the ribosomal RNA is synthesized.
Nucleolus
____ is the collective portion of DNA that can code the rRNA.
Nucleolus Organizer Region (NOR)
In prokaryotes, the genetic material is compacted into an unenclosed region called ____.
Nucleoid
