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Science year 7 > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What does the nucleus do

A

It controls the cell’s activity

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2
Q

What does the mitochondria do?

A

Contains enzymes needed for aerobic respiration which releases energy. It turns glucose and oxygen into energy

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3
Q

What does the cytoplasm do

A

It fills the cell and where the chemical reaction takes place. It is controlled by enzymes

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4
Q

What does the cell membrane do

A

It controls what goes in and out of

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5
Q

What does the cell wall do

A

Provides support and strength. It is also made of cellulose

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6
Q

What do the chloroplasts do

A

They contain a green pigment called chlorophyll that absorbs sunlight to provide energy to the cell and carry out photosynthesis

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7
Q

What is the permanent vacuole

A

It is filled with cell sap to keep the cell rigid to support the plant

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8
Q

What are plasmids

A

They are small rings of DNA that code for specific features such as antibiotic resistance

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9
Q

What is circular DNA

A

The DNA of bacteria found in the cytoplasm

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10
Q

What is a cell

A

The smallest unit of a living organism

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11
Q

What is a tissue

A

They are a group of the same cells

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12
Q

What is an organ

A

A group of different tissue to carry out a job

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13
Q

What is an organ system

A

A group of different organs to perform a particular function

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14
Q

What is a musculoskeletal system

A

Muscles and bones working together to support the movement of the body

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15
Q

Name 3 specialised cells and how they are specialised

A

A sperm cell has a flagellum to move through liquids.
An egg cell has cytoplasm full of nutrients to support the baby once it is fertilised
A white blood cell multiplies when somebody is sick

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16
Q

What instrument can you use to see cells

A

A microscope

17
Q

Name all parts of a microscope

A

Barrel, eye piece lense, arm, objective lense, clips, stage, course focusing wheel, fine focusing wheel, light and base

18
Q

Name the different life processes

A

Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion and Nutrition

19
Q

Is yeast living or non living and why

A

It is living because it respired by making carbon dioxide

20
Q

What is cell sap made of

A

A weak solution of salt and sugar

21
Q

What do the ribosomes do

A

The ribosomes make protein

22
Q

Name the differences and similarities between a plant and animal cell

A

Differences - plant cells have a boxy shape but animal cell shape varies. Plant cells have a vacuole, cell wall and chloroplasts

Similarities- they both have a nucleus, mitochondria, cytoplasm, ribosomes and cell membrane

23
Q

Name 1 unicellular organisms and a fact about them

A

Amoeba- animal cell and can change shape

Bacteria- has coiled DNA and an example of it is Vibrio Cholerae and they don’t have a nucleus

Euglena- has an eyespot to detect light and has chloroplasts for food production

Fungi- they move by making tiny spores that are carried by wind and rain and keep food in the food storage granule

24
Q

What is diffusion

A

The spreading of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration

25
Q

What can you do to speed up the process of diffusion

A

Heat it up so there is more energy

26
Q

What diffuses in and out of most animal cells

A

Oxygen would come in and carbon dioxide would come out

27
Q

What is osmosis

A

The movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to low water concentration. It is diffusion in water

28
Q

What can slow down diffusion

A

If the particles are bigger than

29
Q

Does the greater the difference of concentration affect anything

A

The greeter the difference of concentration the greater the rate of diffusion. This difference is called the concentration gradient

30
Q

How do you find out the total magnification in a microscope

A

eyepiece lense x objective lense

31
Q

What is a xylem cell

A

They transport water and minerals through out plants

Science year 7 (6 decks)

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