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Biology > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is an organelle

A

The organs of cells

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2
Q

What is cytoplasm

A

The gel like fluid that surrounds the organelles

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3
Q

What is the nucleus

A

Stores and protects DNA, organizes materials needed for making proteins

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4
Q

What is a nuclear membrane

A

Surrounds the nucleus, allows certain substances to enter/leave the nucleus

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5
Q

What are ribosomes

A

Where proteins are made

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6
Q

What is endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

A

A network of membranes in the cytoplasm

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7
Q

What is rough ER

A

Has ribosomes on the surface, modifies and transports proteins

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8
Q

What is smooth ER

A

No ribosomes, makes lipids

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9
Q

What is the Golgi apparatus/body

A

Receives the proteins from the ER, stores and routes protein

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10
Q

What are vacuoles

A

Membrane bound sacs in the cytoplasm, stores nutrients and water in plants

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11
Q

What are lysosomes

A

Membrane bound sacs that contain digestive enzymes that can break down molecules, digest nutrients and nourish the cell, destroy harmful bacteria, recycle damaged organelles without harming the cell

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12
Q

What is the chloroplast

A

Where photosynthesis takes place in plants, they are green because of chlorophyll

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13
Q

What is the mitochondria

A

The powerhouse of the cell, the site of cellular respiration

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14
Q

What is a cell membrane

A

Controls what comes in and out of the cell, made of phospholipids

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15
Q

What is the cytoskeleton

A

The skeleton of the cell, a network of fibers extending through the cytoplasm

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16
Q

What is the flagella

A

A long tail-like thing that enables cells to move

17
Q

What is the Cilla

A

Short hair-like things in some cells that move liquids around

18
Q

What is a prokaryotic cell

A

Smaller, simpler cells, lack a nucleus and most other organelles, Ex. Bacteria & Archaea

19
Q

What is an eukaryotic cell

A

Have a nucleus surrounded by a membrane and other membrane-bound organelles, Ex. Protists, Fungi, Plants & Animals

20
Q

What is the cell theory

A
  1. All living things are made of one or more cells.
  2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things.
  3. All cells come from pre-existing cells.
21
Q

Who created the term “cells” in 1665

A

Robert Hooke

22
Q

Who was the “father of biology”

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Biology (9 decks)

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