Cells Flashcards
Fundamental structures of living organisms
Cells
Latin Cella means?
Small room
Who used the first microscope?
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
What did Anton magnify to the microscope?
slice of cork
proposed the cell theory
Matthias Schleiden, Theodore Schwann and Rudolf Virchow
Tells that all living things are made up of cells and comes from preexisting cells through cell division
Cell theory
Semi-permeable membrane and cell’s outer boundary that plays role in cellular communication
Plasma membrane
Study of cells
Cytology
A barrier separating the internal and external environment of a cell
Plasma membrane
Controls the flow of substance or is selective barrier
Plasma membrane
The arrangement of molecules within the membrane
Fluid mosaic model
Polar also known as?
Hydrophilic
Nonpolar also known as?
Hydrophobic
It span the entire lipid bilayer
Integral proteins/Transmembrane proteins
It acts as channels and transporters to assist the entrance of certain substances like glucose and ions
Integral proteins/Transmembrane proteins
It is attached to the inner or outer surface of the membrane and doesn’t extend through it
Peripheral proteins
The carbohydrate portions of the glycolipids and glycoproteins
Glycocalyx
It is for cell recognition in immunity, to recognize it is an enemy or ally
Molecular signatures/cell identity markers
It is a spherical sac that contain the target or victim
Vesicles
The excretion of particles via the vesicles out to the ECF
Exocytosis
The movement of particles into the plasma membrane
Endocytosis
What you call cell engulfing
Phagocytosis
What you call cell drinking
Endocytosis
All the cellular contents between the plasma membrane and the nucleus
Cytoplasm
The fluid portion of cytoplasm where all chemical reactions occur
Cytosol
The network of protein filaments that extends throughout the cytosol
Cytoskeleton
The thinnest filament that functions as mechanical support and generate movement by contraction, has actin and myosin
Microfilaments
The mid filament that withstands mechanical stress
Intermediate filaments
The thickest filament that forms mitotic spindle fibers, tubulin:hollowtubes
Microtubule
It moves the substance along the surface and is like short hair like projections
Cilia
It moves the whole cell
Flagella
subcellular structures having characteristics shapes and specifications for metabolism
Organelles
Is located near the nucleus
Centrosome
Has cylindrical structure
centrioles
Ring shape complex made of tubulin for mitotic spindle
Pericentriolar material
Sites for protein synthesis and made up of mostly tRNA and rRNA, synthesized in nucleolus
Ribosomes
Synthesized proteins used in the cytosol
Free ribosomes
Network of membranes in the shape of flattened sacs
Endoplasmic reticulum
Connected to the nuclear envelope
Rough ER