Cells Flashcards
1
Q
what are cells
A
- fundamental unit of biology
- smallest structural + functional unity of an organism
2
Q
types of cells
A
- prokaryotic
- eukaryotic
3
Q
prokaryotic cell
A
- lack nucleus
- no membrane wall organelles
4
Q
eukaryotic cell
A
- more complex
- have nucleus
- have membrane wall organelles
5
Q
bacteria
A
- domain of prokaryotic cell
6
Q
shapes of bacteria
A
- 4 shapes
- spherical (cocci)
- rod-shaped (bacilli)
- spiral-shaped (spirochete)
- comma-shaped (vibrio)
7
Q
nucleus
A
- contains DNA (in chromosomes)
- contain all genetic info.
8
Q
function of nucleus
A
- regeneration
- replication
- gives instructions for cell (coordination)
- protein synthesis -> reproduction
9
Q
ribosomes
A
- site of protein synthesis
- read RNA = translate genetic info. -> produce proteins
- found on ER or float freely
10
Q
endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
A
- attached to nuclear membrane
- smooth or rough
11
Q
function of rough ER
A
- packed w ribosomes
- protein synthesis
- membrane production
- transportation
12
Q
function of smooth ER
A
- lack ribosomes
- produce fats + hormones
- detoxification
- metabolism of molecules
13
Q
function of golgi appartus
A
- packaging
- processing
- shipping
- from ER to cell
14
Q
function of lysosomes
A
- hydrolytic enzymes = hydrolyze materials
- digest excess
- intracellular digestion
15
Q
function of vacuoles
A
- phagocytosis = uptake of material
- storage of water, enzymes, waste products
- found in plants, fungal, + animals
- membrane-enclosed structure
