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Biology > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the five characteristics of all living things

A 
Movement
Reproduction
Eat or make food 
Grow and develop
Made up of more than one cell
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2
Q

What size are organelles

A

Very small

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3
Q

Where are organelles found

A

Throughout the cytoplasm

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4
Q

What are organelles surrounded by

A

Membrane

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5
Q

What are three similarities between plant and animal cells

A

Both have a cell membrane surrounding the cytoplasm
Both have a nucleus
Both have a mitochondria, golgi, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum

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6
Q

Where is the ciliated epithelial found

A

Nose lining, windpipe and lungs

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7
Q

What is the function of the ciliated epithelial

A

Move and carry dust and germs away

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8
Q

How has the ciliated epithelial adapted

A

Have tiny hairs (cilia)

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9
Q

Where are sperm cells found

A

Testes of a male

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10
Q

What is the function of sperm cells

A

Carry DNA to the egg for fertilisation

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11
Q

How have sperm cells adapted

A

Tail for swimming

Chemicals to dissolve ovum’s membrane

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12
Q

Where are root hair cells found

A

Surface of plant roots

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13
Q

What is the function of root hair cells

A

Increase root’s surface area to absorb more water and minerals

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14
Q

How have root hair cells adapted

A

Long, thin parts

Thin cell walls allow water and nutrients to pass from soil into the root

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15
Q

Where are palisade cells found

A

Upper surface of the leaf

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16
Q

What is the function of palisade cells

A

Trap sunlight during photosynthesis

17
Q

How have palisade cells adapted

A

Long and shaped like cylinders
Contain chloroplasts
Large surface area to increase area for gaseous exchange

18
Q

What is a cell

A

The basic unit of all living organisms

19
Q

What is the cell membrane

A

Thin layer which holds the cell together and gives it its shape. Controls movement of substances in and out of cells

20
Q

What is a semi-permeable membrane

A

Membrane that allows certain things in and out and keeps molecules in

21
Q

What is the clear jelly-like substance in cells

A

Protoplasm

22
Q

What are the two parts that the protoplasm can be divided into

A

Cytoplasm and Nucleus

23
Q

What is the cytoplasm

A

Part of the protoplasm that lies outside of the nucleus

24
Q

What is the nucleoplasm

A

Part of the protoplasm that lies inside the nucleus

25
Q

What is the nucleus

A

Round or oval structure in the cytoplasm that controls the vital functions of the cell

26
Q

Where are chromosomes found

A

Inside the nucleus

27
Q

What is the Nuclear envelope

A

Double membrane

Contains pores that control the passage of ions, molecules and RNA between the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm

28
Q

What is the Nucleoplasm

A

Semi-solid liquid inside the nucleus where you find chromatin and the nucleus

29
Q

What is the fluid inside the mitochondria called

A

The Matrix

30
Q

What is the mitochondria known as

A

The Power Plant of the cell

31
Q

What is the function of the mitochondria

A

Produces energy in cellular respiration

32
Q

What is the difference between the cell wall in a plant cell vs an animal cell

A

Plant cell - Non-living, made of cellulose

Animal Cell - No cell wall

33
Q

What is the difference between the cell membrane of a plant cell vs animal cell

A

Plant - Lines inside of cell wall

Animal - Surrounds the cell

34
Q

What is the difference between the vacuole in a plant cell vs animal cell

A

Plant - Usually large or a few small ones

Animal - Usually none or if present a small one

35
Q

Difference in chloroplasts in a plant cell vs an animal cell

A

Plant - Present

Animal - Absent

36
Q

Difference in shape of a plant cell vs animal cell

A

Plant - Regular

Animal - Irregular

37
Q

What are the three main differences between unicellular and multicellular organisms

A

Unicellular - Single Cell, One cell carries out all processes, Injury of cell can cause death to the organism

Multicellular - Many cells, Different cells are specialized for different functions, Injury or death of some cells doesn’t affect organism

38
Q

What is type of cell is a plant cell

A

Prokaryote

39
Q

What type of cell is an animal cell

A

Eukaryote

Biology (7 decks)

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