Cell Transport Flashcards
Cell Membrane
Structure – Phospholipid Bilayer
Semi-permeable Membrane / Selectively permeable Membrane
What is the phospholipid bilayer
A phospholipid is a lipid made of glycerol, two fatty acid tails
What is the function of a phospholipid in the cell membrane?
a barrier to protect the cell against environmental insults and more importantly, enables multiple cellular processes to occur in subcellular compartments.
What does semi permeable mean
What does semipermeable mean? Semipermeable means that the barrier allows some molecules to pass through but not others. The prefix “semi” means partially and “permeable” means to pass through.
Concentration Gradient across the cell membrane
A concentration gradient occurs when you have a solute dissolved in a solution. There will be more slolute in some areas (a higher concentration) and less in others (a lower concentration).
solute
The substance that dissolves to form a solution is called a solute.
Solvent
The substance that dissolves to form a solution is called a solute. The substance in which a solute will dissolve is called a solvent.
Particle Theory
All matter is made up of particles in constant motion
Passive Transport
Osmosis and Diffusion
Osmosis description
Osmosis is the movement of solvents through a selectively permeable membrane from low to high concentration, equalizing concentrations on both sides.
Diffusion description
Diffusion is the movement of molecules from high to low concentration until evenly distributed.
Similarities of Osmosis and Diffusion
Similarities:
1. Both processes are passive, meaning they do not require energy.
2. Both involve the movement of particles from different concentration areas
Differences of Osmosis and Diffusion
Differences:
1. Osmosis specifically refers to the movement of water molecules, while diffusion can involve any type of molecule, such as gasses or solutes.
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Osmosis and Diffusion relevance in the human body
Osmosis regulates fluid balance in cells
diffusion enables gas exchange in lungs and nutrient transport across cell membranes.
Active Transport Description
Active transport moves substances against their concentration gradient using energy usually in the form of ATP,
