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Biology Semester 2 > Cell Transport > Flashcards

Cell Transport Flashcards

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1
Q

Polarity

A

Partial charges are created by the unequal sharing of electrons

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2
Q

Lipids are…

A

Non-Polar

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3
Q

Amphipathic

A

Having both a polar region and a nonpolar region

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4
Q

What are Channel Proteins?

A

Channel proteins are proteins that act as gates that allow polar molecules to pass through.

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5
Q

The Shape of Channel Proteins

A

Donut-Shaped

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6
Q

What are Marker Proteins?

A

Marker proteins are proteins in the cell membrane that identify the cell.

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7
Q

The Shape of Marker Proteins

A

Elongated and Twisted

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8
Q

What are receptor proteins?

A

Receptor proteins are proteins that transmit information in and out of cells.
Communication between cells.

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9
Q

The Shape of Receptor Proteins

A

Boulder-Shaped

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10
Q

Integral Proteins

A

Embedded in the phospholipid bilayer

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11
Q

Diffusion

A

Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to a lower concentration

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12
Q

Osmosis

A

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

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13
Q

Carrier Transport

A

Movement of materials through a cell membrane with the aid of protiens

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14
Q

Facilitated Diffusion

A

The transport of substances through a cell membrane with the aid of channel proteins.
Transport through with aid

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15
Q

Endocytosis

A

A process by which a cell takes material into the cell by folding in the cell membrane to create a vesicle
Vagina

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16
Q

Exocytosis

A

The release of substances out of a cell by the fusion of a vesicle with the membrane

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17
Q

Passive Transport

A

The movement of molecules that does not require energy, from high [] to low []

18
Q

What Determines the Passage of Molecules through the Lipid Bilayer

A

Shape, size, and charge of molecules

19
Q

What is the Cell Membrane?

A

A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell, made of phospholipids.

20
Q

Hypertonic Solutions

A

Contain a higher % of solute (sugar/salt) than an environment separated by a membrane

21
Q

Hypotonic Solutions

A

Contain a lower % solute than an environment separated by a membrane

22
Q

Cytolysis

A

the bursting of a cell due to high osmotic pressure

23
Q

Osmotic Pressure

A

Pressure of water pushing on the cell membrane

24
Q

Plasmolysis

A

Wilting or shrinking of cells due to low osmotic pressure (only in plants)

25
Q

Cells will ____________________ when placed in a hypertonic salt solution

A

Shrink

26
Q

Cells will _____________________ when placed in a hypotonic solution

A

Swell

27
Q

Red blood cells will __________________ if placed in a hypotonic solution

A

Burst

28
Q

Polar is attracted to…

A

Polar

29
Q

What is active transport?

A

The movement of materials through a cell membrane using energy, from low [] to high []

30
Q

Isotonic Solutions

A

Solutions that contain an equal concentration of solute and solvent

31
Q

Equilibrium

A

Equal movement of molecules through a membrane, balance of dissolved solute in solution inside and outside of cells.

32
Q

Solute

A

Substance that is dissolved in a solution

33
Q

Solvent

A

A substance in which the solute dissolves

34
Q

Solution

A

A mixture that is formed when one substance dissolves another

35
Q

Vesicles

A

Small sacs that move products in, out, and within a cell

36
Q

Two types of endocytosis

A

Phagocytosis and pinocytosis (Phag and Pino)

37
Q

Concentration Gradient

A

A difference in the concentration of a substance across a distance
Tornado drawing
Dark means more concentration light means less concentration

38
Q

What molecules can pass through a membrane by diffusion?

A

Oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water.

39
Q

What molecules cannot pass through a membrane by diffusion?

A

Salt, potassium, and glucose

40
Q

What are phospholipids composed of?

A

A phosphate group, a glycerol, and fatty acids

41
Q

Fluid Mosaic Model

A

The structure of the plasma membrane is a mosaic of components including phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates that gives the membrane a fluid character.

42
Q

Inside and outside of cells are…

A

Mostly a watery environment

Biology Semester 2 (4 decks)

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