cell structures and funtions Flashcards
what do all cells have in common?
1) bound by a plasma membrane
2) contain cytosone
3) contain chromosomes
4) contains ribosomes
what groups do prokaryotes and eukaryotes contain?
pro- domains bacteria and archaea
eukaryotes- protists, fungi, animals, plants
what is compartmentalization?
allows for metabolic reactions to occur in organelles
prevents interfering reactions
increase SA = more rxns
what are the different organelles between plants and animals?
plants- chloroplasts, central vacuole, cell wall, plasmodesmata
animals- lysosomes, centrosomes, flagella
ribosomes
comprised of RNA and proteins
function: synthesizes proteins
can be found in cytosol and ER
ER
functions: synthesizes membranes and compartmentalization cell to keep proteins separate from those of ribosomes
rough ER and smooth ER
rough: contains ribosomes
smooth: synthesizes lipids, metabolizes carbs, detoxifies
golgi complex
cis face: receives vesicles from ER
trans face: sends vesicles back into cytosol
golgi complex functions
sorts, packages, receives, and modifies materails
lysosomes
function: hydrolysis macros in animal cells
allows cell to renew itself and can recycle cell’s material
vacuoles
food: formed via eating a cell then digested
contractile: maintain water levels in cell
central (plant): important for turgor pressure
mitochondria
site of cellular respiration
2 compartments increase SA
location of kreb’s cylce
produces ATP
3 types of cytoskeleton
microtubules
microfilaments
intermediate filaments
microtubules
serve as structural support for movements of organelle
assists in separation of chromosomes
cell molality
microfilaments
maintains cell shape
assist in muscle contraction and cell motility
