cell structures and functions 2.2, 2.3, 2.4

Question 1

what is the nucleus?

Answer 1

controls activity of cell by making proteins
contains the chromosomes, strands of DNA which carry the genes

(IN BOTH PLANT AND ANIMAL CELL)

Question 2

what is the cell membrane?

Answer 2

boundary between the cytoplasm and the cell’s surroundings
controls what substances enter and leave the cell

(IN BOTH PLANT AND ANIMAL CELL)

Question 3

what is the cytoplasm?

Answer 3

jelly-like liquid where chemical reactions occur

(IN BOTH PLANT AND ANIMAL CELL)

Question 4

what are the mitochondria?

Answer 4

carries out some reactions of aerobic respiration
produces ATP energy

(IN BOTH PLANT AND ANIMAL CELL)

Question 5

what are the ribosomes?

Answer 5

synthesise proteins from amino acids

(IN BOTH PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS)

Question 6

what are the chloroplasts?

Answer 6

absorb light energy and use it to carry out the chemical reactions of photosynthesis, making biological molecules for plant cells
contains green substance called chlorophyll

(ONLY IN PLANT CELLS)

Question 7

what is the cell wall?

Answer 7

made of cellulose (in plants)
helps to keep plant cells shape and upright

(ONLY IN PLANT CELLS)

Question 8

what is the vacuole?

Answer 8

filled with a watery liquid called cell sap, stores dissolved sugars, mineral ions and other substances

(ONLY IN PLANT CELLS)