Cell Structure - Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic Flashcards
Cell Type
Prokaryotic: Unicellular
Eukaryotic: Unicellular and multicellular
Cell Surface Membrane
Prokaryotic: Present
Eukaryotic: Present
Nucleus
Prokaryotic: Not present
Eukaryotic: Present
DNA
Prokaryotic: Circular
Eukaryotic: Linear
DNA Organisation
Prokaryotic: Proteins fold and condense DNA
Eukaryotic: Associated with proteins called histones
Extra Chromosomal DNA
Prokaryotic: Circular DNA called plasmids
Eukaryotic: only present in certain organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts
Organelles (membrane/non-membrane bound)
Prokaryotic: Non-membrane bound
Eukaryotic: Both membrane and non-membrane bound
Cell Wall
Prokaryotic: Peptidyglocan
Eukaryotic: Chitin in fungi; cellulose in plant; not present in animals
Ribosomes
Prokaryotic: Smaller, 70s
Eukaryotic: Larger, 80s
Cytoskeleton
Prokaryotic: Present
Eukaryotic: Present, more complex
Reproduction
Prokaryotic: Binary fission
Eukaryotic: Asexual or sexual