Cell Structure/Division

Question 1

The body is made up of……

Answer 1

Cells

Question 2

Describe the main roles of a cell

Answer 2

• take in nutrients
• expel waste
• grow and repair themselves
• have a basic structure
• maintain homeostasis

Question 3

What is homeostasis?

Answer 3

‘balance within the body’.

Question 4

Describe the nucleus

Answer 4

• brain of the cell
• contains chromosomes of which contain DNA.
• contained in a cell membrane

Question 5

What is the acid of which the nucleolus is made of?

Answer 5

Ribonucleic Acid

Question 6

What does the nucleolus produce?

Answer 6

Ribosomes

Question 7

What is the purpose of RNA?

Answer 7

Carries messages around the body

Question 8

The _______ _____________ helps the cell to recognise other cells.

Answer 8

Cell Membrane

Question 9

Define: Phospholipid Bilayer

Answer 9

Double layer, containing protein molecules

Question 10

True or False: The cell membrane is semi-permeable to allow substances to pass in and out.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

What are the three ways of which substances enter the cell by?

Answer 11

• Simple Diffusion
• Facilitated Diffusion
• Active Transport Mechanisms

Question 12

Define: Active Transport

Answer 12

Molecules move from areas of low concentration to high concentration. Need ATP.

Question 13

Define: Passive Transport

Answer 13

Molecules move from areas of high concentration to low concentration. Doesn’t need ATP

Question 14

True or False: Endocytosis = particles enter the cell

Answer 14

True

Question 15

True or False: Exocytosis = particles enter the cell

Answer 15

False.
Particles are expelled from the cell

Question 16

What is the main function of cytoplasm?

Answer 16

Provides support.

Question 17

Define: ATP

Answer 17

Adenosine Triphosphate

Question 18

What are the 10 organelles?

Answer 18

• Lysosomes
• Ribosomes
• Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
• Golgi body
• Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
• Peroxisomes
• Vacuoles
• Flagella
• Cilia

Question 19

Define: Diffusion

Answer 19

Particles moving from an area of high concentration to low concentration (particles spreading out).

Question 20

How many chromosome pairs does a cat and dog have?

Answer 20

Cat - 19 pairs
Dog - 39 pairs

Question 21

Somatic cells divide by?

Answer 21

Mitosis

Question 22

Germ cells divide by?

Answer 22

Meiosis

Question 23

What are the 4 stages of mitosis?

Answer 23

• Prophase
• Metaphase
• Anaphase
• Telophase

Question 24

Acronym for the 4 stages of mitosis?

Answer 24

Pass Me Another Tequila Idiot

Question 25

What are the 8 stages of Meiosis?

Answer 25

• Prophase
• Metaphase
• Anaphase
• Telophase

Repeated twice.

Question 26

Suggest the key differences between mitosis and meiosis.

Answer 26

Mitosis:
Somatic cells, diploid, 2 daughter cells, produce identical cells.

Meiosis:
Germ cells, haploid, 4 daughter cells, genetic recombination (different cells).