Cell Structure/Division Flashcards
The body is made up of……
Cells
Describe the main roles of a cell
- take in nutrients
- expel waste
- grow and repair themselves
- have a basic structure
- maintain homeostasis
What is homeostasis?
‘balance within the body’.
Describe the nucleus
- brain of the cell
- contains chromosomes of which contain DNA.
- contained in a cell membrane
What is the acid of which the nucleolus is made of?
Ribonucleic Acid
What does the nucleolus produce?
Ribosomes
What is the purpose of RNA?
Carries messages around the body
The _______ _____________ helps the cell to recognise other cells.
Cell Membrane
Define: Phospholipid Bilayer
Double layer, containing protein molecules
True or False: The cell membrane is semi-permeable to allow substances to pass in and out.
True
What are the three ways of which substances enter the cell by?
- Simple Diffusion
- Facilitated Diffusion
- Active Transport Mechanisms
Define: Active Transport
Molecules move from areas of low concentration to high concentration. Need ATP.
Define: Passive Transport
Molecules move from areas of high concentration to low concentration. Doesn’t need ATP
True or False: Endocytosis = particles enter the cell
True
True or False: Exocytosis = particles enter the cell
False.
Particles are expelled from the cell
What is the main function of cytoplasm?
Provides support.
Define: ATP
Adenosine Triphosphate
What are the 10 organelles?
- Lysosomes
- Ribosomes
- Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Golgi body
- Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Peroxisomes
- Vacuoles
- Flagella
- Cilia
Define: Diffusion
Particles moving from an area of high concentration to low concentration (particles spreading out).
How many chromosome pairs does a cat and dog have?
Cat - 19 pairs
Dog - 39 pairs
Somatic cells divide by?
Mitosis
Germ cells divide by?
Meiosis
What are the 4 stages of mitosis?
- Prophase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telophase
Acronym for the 4 stages of mitosis?
Pass Me Another Tequila Idiot
