Cell structure and transport

Question 1

Independent variable

Answer 1

Variable you change

Question 2

Dependent variable

Answer 2

Variable you measure

Question 3

Control variable

Answer 3

Variable you keep the same.

Question 4

Disadv and Adv on light microscopes

Answer 4

Adv disadv
.easy to use .relies on light
.cheaper . resolution limited to 0.2

Question 5

Disadv and adv on electron microscopes

Answer 5

Adv Disadv
.use electron instead of light .expensive
.maximum resolution 0.1nm .hard to use

Question 6

What is diffusion?

Answer 6

Net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to a lower concentration

Question 7

Cell membrane

Answer 7

It is partially permeable meaning only small particles can diffuse through e.g.
- water, amino acids, glucose
and not
- proteins and starch

Question 8

What are the 3 factors that affect the rate of diffusion

Answer 8

-Concetration gradient
-Temperature
-Surface area

Question 9

osmosis

Answer 9

Movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration to a lower concentration

Question 10

What type of process is diffusion?

Answer 10

Passive process (doesn’t require any energy)

Question 11

Active transport

Answer 11

Movement of molecules against their concentration gradient

Question 12

What type of process is active transport?

Answer 12

Active process

Question 13

wHERE DOES THE ENERGY FOR ACTIVE TRANSPORT COME FROM?

Answer 13

Cellular respiration in the mitrochondria

Question 14

Root hair cells

Answer 14

Absorbs water and mineral ions

Question 15

Root hair cell adaptation

Answer 15

-Long hair
-larger surface area for absorption
-lots of mitochondria
-carries out cellular respiration for energy