CELL STRUCTURE AND ORGANELLES

Question 1

what is the structure of a cell membrane?

Answer 1

the cell membrane is made from a phosopholid bilayer.

Question 2

what are phospholipids?

Answer 2

phospholipids are molecules that make up the cell membrane, consisting of a hydrophilic head and two hydrophobic tails, which form a bilayer that acts as a barrier

Question 3

what is the function of a cell membrane?

Answer 3

the cell membrane protects the cell and controls what enters and exits, helping to protect the inside from toxins.. etc.

Question 4

what is a cytoplasm?

Answer 4

the cytoplasm is the jelly-like material inside all cells.

Question 5

what is the purpose of the cytoplasm

Answer 5

it has nutrients for the cell and lets the organelles float around inside it.

Question 6

what is contained in the nucleus?

Answer 6

inside the nucleus is DNA which contains the instructions for the cell.

Question 7

what is the mitochondria?

Answer 7

an organelle found in the cytoplasm - known as the powerhouses of the cell because they convert glucose into energy (ATP) through cellular respiration.

Question 8

what is the structure of mitochondria?

Answer 8

mitochondria have two membranes, the outer is smooth, but the inner is wavy which is called cristae.

Question 9

what is the cristae and what’s their purpose?

Answer 9

cristae increases the surface area so that reactions on the inner membrane are more efficient and more energy is produced.

Question 10

why do some cells have different numbers of mitochondria?

Answer 10

the number of mitochondria a cell has depends on its function. The function of the cell controls how much energy it needs.

Question 11

what is the chloroplast?

Answer 11

they use light to produce sugar with a double membrane and stacked with thylakoids (grana)

Question 12

what can be found in the chloroplast?

Answer 12

inside a chloroplast are a stack of disks. Each disk is called a thylakoid and a stack is called grana. The liquid around the stacks is the stroma.

Question 13

what is carried out by the chloroplast?

Answer 13

it carries out photosynthesis, which traps light energy using chlorophyll to make sugar.

Question 14

what kind of cells have cell walls - do all cells have a wall?

Answer 14

only plant cells have a cell wall.

Question 15

whats the difference of a cell wall’s and cell membrane’s function?

Answer 15

a cell wall is rigid and only gives shape and structure to a cell, but a cell membrane is bendier and controls what goes in and out of a cell.

Question 16

what are the parts and organelles found in a cell?

Answer 16

1. cell membrane
2. cytoplasm
3. nucleus
4. mitochondria
5. chloroplasts
6. cell well

Question 17

what are the similarities between the animal and plant cell?

Answer 17

similarities: mitochondria (energy), nucleus (instructions), cell membrane (control entry and exit), cytoplasm (nutrients)

Question 18

what are the differences between an animal and plant cell?

Answer 18

only plant cells have chloroplasts to convert light energy into sugar, animals cells lack cell walls with a flexible structure while plant cells have a rigid cell wall structure.

Question 19

what is a bilayer?

Answer 19

a bilayer is two layers of molecules that form a barrier to separate the inside of a cell from the outside.