CELL CYCLE Flashcards
what is the cell cycle?
the cell cycle is the series of stages that a cell goes through as it grows and divides to ensure cells grow, replicate their DNA accurately and divide properly (life processes).
what are the 4 stages of the cell cycle?
G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase, and M phase
what happens in the 4 stages of the cell cycle?
During G1 phase, the cell grows. During S phase, DNA is replicated. During G2
phase, the cell continues to grow. During M phase, mitosis (cell division)
occurs.
why does DNA have to be replicated?
to ensure that each daughter cell receives an exact copy of the genetic information during cell division.
what stage of the cell cycle is DNA replicated in?
during the S phase
in which direction are new nucleotides are added to a new strand?
new nucleotides are added in the 3’ to 5’ direction to the template strands.
how are the leading and lagging strand are produced - why are they replicated differently?
The leading and lagging strands are replicated differently as DNA strands are antiparallel but the enzymes involved can only work in one direction
why is DNA replication is called semi-conservative?
DNA replication is semi-conservative as one strand is from the old chromosome and one strand is new
what is mitosis?
mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells from a single parent cell
what is the purpose of mitosis?
for growth, tissue repair, asexual reproduction and cell replacement
what are the steps involved in mitosis?
interphase
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
what is a nucleotide?
the basic building block of DNA and RNA
