Cell Structure and Functions Flashcards

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1
Q

Basic unit of all living things

A

A Cell

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2
Q

Thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell

A

Cell Membrane

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3
Q

A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended

A

Cytoplasm

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4
Q

Strong wall outside a plant cell’s cell membrane that protects the cell and maintains its shape

A

Cell Wall

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5
Q

A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell

A

Organelle

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6
Q

Organelle that controls all the activities of a cell and contains hereditary material made of proteins and DNA

A

Nucleus

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7
Q

A structure in the cells of plants and some other organisms that captures energy from sunlight and uses it to produce food

A

Chloroplast

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8
Q

Bean shaped organelle that releases energy from stored food molecules which supplies energy for the cell

A

Mitochondrion

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9
Q

An organelle that is responsible for making proteins.

A

Ribosome

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10
Q

A cell structure that forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another.

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

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11
Q

A structure in a cell that receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell.

A

Golgi Body/Apparatus

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12
Q

Group of similar cells that perform a particular function

A

Tissue

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13
Q

A collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body

A

Organ

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14
Q

Group of organs that work together to perform a specific function

A

Organ System

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15
Q

Any living thing

A

Organism

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16
Q

Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes

A

Mitosis

17
Q

A process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells

A

Meiosis

18
Q

A structure in the nucleus that contains hereditary material

A

Chromosome

19
Q

An organelle that stores food, water, and other materials needed by the cell

A

Vacuole

20
Q

Organisms composed of many cells

A

Multicellular

21
Q

A type of organism that is made up of a single cell

A

Unicellular