Cell Structure and Functions

Question 1

Basic unit of all living things

Answer 1

A Cell

Question 2

Thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell

Answer 2

Cell Membrane

Question 3

A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended

Answer 3

Cytoplasm

Question 4

Strong wall outside a plant cell’s cell membrane that protects the cell and maintains its shape

Answer 4

Cell Wall

Question 5

A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell

Answer 5

Organelle

Question 6

Organelle that controls all the activities of a cell and contains hereditary material made of proteins and DNA

Answer 6

Nucleus

Question 7

A structure in the cells of plants and some other organisms that captures energy from sunlight and uses it to produce food

Answer 7

Chloroplast

Question 8

Bean shaped organelle that releases energy from stored food molecules which supplies energy for the cell

Answer 8

Mitochondrion

Question 9

An organelle that is responsible for making proteins.

Answer 9

Ribosome

Question 10

A cell structure that forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another.

Answer 10

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Question 11

A structure in a cell that receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell.

Answer 11

Golgi Body/Apparatus

Question 12

Group of similar cells that perform a particular function

Answer 12

Tissue

Question 13

A collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body

Answer 13

Organ

Question 14

Group of organs that work together to perform a specific function

Answer 14

Organ System

Question 15

Any living thing

Answer 15

Organism

Question 16

Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes

Answer 16

Mitosis

Question 17

A process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells

Answer 17

Meiosis

Question 18

A structure in the nucleus that contains hereditary material

Answer 18

Chromosome

Question 19

An organelle that stores food, water, and other materials needed by the cell

Answer 19

Vacuole

Question 20

Organisms composed of many cells

Answer 20

Multicellular

Question 21

A type of organism that is made up of a single cell

Answer 21

Unicellular