CELL STRUCTURE AND DIVISION

Question 1

What are the two general types of cells?

Answer 1

PROKARYOTIC CELL AND EUKARYOTIC CELL

Question 2

It has no nucleus, 16 ribosomes, homogenous cytoplasm and a unicellular cell.

Answer 2

Prokaryotic Cell

Question 3

It has membrane bound nucleus, complex cytoplasm, 18 ribosomes and it is both unicellular and multicellular cell.

Answer 3

Eukaryotic Cell

Question 4

It is the boundary between the outside environment and the inside of the cell that is composed of double layer of phospholipids and embedded proteins.

Answer 4

Plasma Membrane

Question 5

A jelly like material formed by 80% of H2o.

Answer 5

Cytoplasm

Question 5

It is the reason why materials can move in and out of this protected area (nucleus).

Answer 5

Nuclear Pores

Question 5

Cytoplasm of Eukaryotic cells consist of:

Answer 5

Cytosol
Organelle
Cytoskeleton

Question 5

It is the liquid portion of cytoplasm.

Answer 5

Cytosol

Question 6

It is a small membrane bound structure with specialized functions.

Answer 6

Organelles

Question 6

An internal system of tiny fibers and microtubules that gives cell shape, structure and motility.

Answer 6

Cytoskeleton

Question 6

The genetic material of eukaryotic cell is composed of:

Answer 6

50% DNA
50% Proteins

Question 6

It contains genetic material of the cell that is why it is considered as the control center “brain” of the cell.

Answer 6

Nucleus

Question 6

It is a loosely packed form of DNA that allows for easy access for reading using the genetic material.

Answer 6

Chromatin

Question 7

What do you call the basic unit of DNA that organizes a DNA coiled grouping?

Answer 7

Nucleosomes

Question 8

It is a specialized region located in nucleus that is responsible for production of RNA.

Answer 8

Nucleolus

Question 8

It is a tightly packed form of DNA that occurs during cell division.

Answer 8

Chromosomes

Question 9

It is the sites of protein synthesis located at the cytoplasm associated with the endoplasmic reticulum.

Answer 9

Ribosomes

Question 9

A series of fluid filled channels that run through the cytoplasm from nuclear envelop to the plasma membrane.

Answer 9

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 9

The ribosomes are embedded outside of this channel. They protein that will be transported either to another side of the cell or out of the cell entirely.

Answer 9

Rough ER

Question 10

This channel lacks ribosome and is the sites for Calcium Ions which are very important in muscle contraction.

Answer 10

Smooth ER

Question 10

It modifies the products of the cell and sort them by destination.

Answer 10

Golgi Bodies

Question 11

The sites of energy production of the cell.

Answer 11

Mitochondria

Question 12

What do you call to the folds inside the Mitochondria?

Answer 12

Cristae

Question 13

Two perpendicular microtubules located near the nucleus of animal cell only. A source of spindle fibers during cell division.

Answer 13

Centrioles

Question 14

What do you call to the region where you can find the centriole?

Answer 14

Centrosome

Question 15

Space surrounded by membrane that can store substances in the cell.

Answer 15

Vacuole

Question 16

It is the suicide sacs. It is a vacuole filled with digestive enzyme that breaks down ingested particles and make nutrients available to the cell.

Answer 16

Lysosome

Question 17

What do you call to the process where lysosome burst and digest all inside of the cell when the cell is damaged?

Answer 17

Autophagy

Question 18

It is the preparation period for cell division.

Answer 18

Interphase

Question 19

What are the three main stages of interphase?

Answer 19

G1 (Gap 1) S-phase (Synthesis phase) G2 (Gap 2 )

Question 20

During this phase in cell division, the cell is growing and metabolizing and has made the decision to divide.

Answer 20

G1

Question 21

In this phase, the DNA replication occurs.

Answer 21

S-phase

Question 22

It is the final preparation for cell division. This may include production of proteins and assembly of structures involved in cell division.

Answer 22

G2

Question 23

What are the two types of cell division in Eukaryotic cell?

Answer 23

Mitosis and Meiosis

Question 24

A type of cell division that occurs when you want to produce a cell that is identical from which they came. Cell divides into 2 daughter cells.

Answer 24

Mitosis

Question 25

What are the 4 phases of Mitosis?

Answer 25

Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

Question 25

The phase is where the DNA condenses and becomes visible. The nuclear envelope disappears and the spindle fibers form.

Answer 25

Prophase

Question 26

The chromosomes aligned in the middle of the cell.

Answer 26

Metaphase

Question 27

The chromatid separates to become independent chromosome.

Answer 27

Anaphase

Question 28

Cell division that occurs in sex cells or gametes. - To produce genetically different cell from each other and from which they came from. -To produce cells with one complete set of DNA.

Answer 28

Meiosis