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biology > Cell structure > Flashcards

Cell structure Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what 2 things can organisms be

A
  • prokaryotes

- eukaryotes

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2
Q

Examples of eukaryotes

A

examples of eukaryotes are plant and animal cells

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3
Q

Cell membrane

A

the cell membrane holds cell together controls what goes in and out

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4
Q

mitochondria

A

mitochondria are for aerobic respiration

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5
Q

cytoplasm

A

the cytoplasm is where most chemical reactions -contains enzymes

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6
Q

Ribosomes

A

ribosomes are where Proteins are made

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7
Q

Nucleus

A

the nucleus contains DNA controls activities

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8
Q

Cell wall

A

the cell wall is made of cellulose, supports and strengthens

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9
Q

Vacuole

A

the vacuole is Cell sap, solution of sugar and salts

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10
Q

Chloroplasts

A

chloroplasts are where photosynthesis occurs , contains chlorophyll

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11
Q

Example of prokaryote

A

an example of a prokaryote is Bacteria

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12
Q

Describe bacteria

A

Bacteria have…

  • no nucleus
  • one singular strand of DNA
  • One or more rings on DNA
  • no chloroplasts or mitochondria
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13
Q

why do cells differentiate

A

cells differentiate to become specialised

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14
Q

what are undifferentiated cells called

A

undifferentiated cells are called stem cells

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15
Q

How is a sperm cell specialised

A

Sperm cells are specialised as they have…

  • long tail and streamlined head-swim
  • mitochondria-energy
  • enzymes go through egg
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16
Q

How are nerve cells special

A

Nerve cells are specialised because they have…

-long and branched-connect to other nerve cells and form a network

17
Q

How are muscle cells special

A

Muscle cells are specialised cuz they have…

  • Long-space to contract
  • Mitochondria-energy to contract quickly
18
Q

How are root hair cells special

A

root hair cells special cuz they have

  • long hairs to stick out to soil
  • Gives plant big SA to absorb mineral ions
19
Q

How are phloem and xylem spacial

A

-xylem is hollow and Phloem only has a few sub cellular structures- minerals can flow through

20
Q

How to work out magnification

A

magnification=image size/actual size

biology (22 decks)

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