Cell Structure

Question 1

Cell surface membrane

Answer 1

It’s made from lipids and proteins. Regulates the movement of substances into an out of the cell. It also has receptor molecules on it, for cell signalling.

Question 2

Cell wall

Answer 2

In plant cells it’s made from cellulose. Provides support and prevents plant cells from bursting when turgid. Maintains the cell shape. Fungi cell walls contain chitin.

Question 3

Nucleus

Answer 3

The nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane called a nuclear envelope, which contains pores. The nucleolus contains RNA and synthesises ribosomes. The nucleus contains chromatin which is DNA twisted around histone proteins.

Control centre of the cell
Stores organisms genome
Instructions from protein synthesis

Question 4

Lysosome

Answer 4

Contains digestive enzymes which breaks down worn out components of the cell or invading cells.

Question 5

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 5

A system of membranes enclosing a fluid filled space.

Folds and processes proteins.

Question 6

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 6

Synthesises and processes lipids.

Question 7

Golgi apparatus

Answer 7

Fluid-filled, membrane bound, flattened sacs. Which further process and synthesise proteins and lipids. Also synthesise vesicles.